@article{bd3735f055c34b2d9f45e75b00984459,
title = "Prevalent glucocorticoid and androgen activity in US water sources",
abstract = "Contamination of the environment with endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) is a major health concern. The presence of estrogenic compounds in water and their deleterious effect are well documented. However, detection and monitoring of other classes of EDCs is limited. Here we utilize a high-throughput live cell assay based on sub-cellular relocalization of GFP-tagged glucocorticoid and androgen receptors (GFP-GR and GFP-AR), in combination with gene transcription analysis, to screen for glucocorticoid and androgen activity in water samples. We report previously unrecognized glucocorticoid activity in 27%, and androgen activity in 35% of tested water sources from 14 states in the US. Steroids of both classes impact body development, metabolism, and interfere with reproductive, endocrine, and immune systems. This prevalent contamination could negatively affect wildlife and human populations.",
author = "Stavreva, {Diana A.} and George, {Anuja A.} and Paul Klausmeyer and Lyuba Varticovski and Daniel Sack and Voss, {Ty C.} and Schiltz, {R. Louis} and Blazer, {Vicki S.} and Iwanowicz, {Luke R.} and Hager, {Gordon L.}",
note = "Funding Information: Collection and extraction of environmental samples was funded by the Chesapeake Bay Priority Ecosystems Science, Toxic Substances Hydrology, Fisheries and Contaminant programs of USGS, the Fish and Wildlife Contaminants program, the Great Lakes Research Initiative, West Virginia Departments of Natural Resources and Environmental Protection, Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries, Maryland Department of Natural Resources and Pennsylvania Fish and Boat Commission. This research was supported [in part] by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research. This project has been also funded in whole or in part with federal funds from the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, under Contract No. HHSN261200800001E. The content of this publication does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Department of Health and Human Services, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. We acknowledge the assistance of Tatiana Karpova and Jim McNally, LRBGE Fluorescence Imaging Facility. We also acknowledge the support of the NCI High Throughput Facility.",
year = "2012",
doi = "10.1038/srep00937",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "2",
journal = "Scientific reports",
issn = "2045-2322",
publisher = "Nature Publishing Group",
}