Prospective Cohort Study to Investigate the Safety of Preoperative Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitor Exposure in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease Undergoing Intra-abdominal Surgery

Benjamin L. Cohen, Phillip Fleshner, Sunanda V. Kane, Hans H. Herfarth, Nicole Palekar, Francis A. Farraye, Jonathan A. Leighton, Jeffry A. Katz, Russell D. Cohen, Mark E. Gerich, Raymond K. Cross, Peter D.R. Higgins, Andrew Tinsley, Sarah Glover, Corey A. Siegel, Jaime L. Bohl, Heba Iskandar, Jiayi Ji, Liangyuan Hu, Bruce E. Sands

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

43 Scopus citations

Abstract

Background & Aims: Whether preoperative treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFis) increases the risk of postoperative infectious complications remains controversial. The primary aim of this study was to determine whether preoperative exposure to TNFis is an independent risk factor for postoperative infectious complications within 30 days of surgery. Methods: We conducted a multicenter prospective observational study of patients with IBD undergoing intra-abdominal surgery across 17 sites from the Crohn's & Colitis Foundation Clinical Research Alliance. Infectious complications were categorized as surgical site infections (SSIs) or non-SSIs. Current TNFi exposure was defined as use within 12 weeks of surgery, and serum was collected for drug-level analyses. Multivariable models for occurrence of the primary outcome, any infection, or SSI were adjusted by predefined covariates (age, sex, preoperative steroid use, and disease type), baseline variables significantly associated (P < .05) with any infection or SSI separately, and TNFi exposure status. Exploratory models used TNFi exposure based on serum drug concentration. Results: A total of 947 patients were enrolled from September 2014 through June 2017. Current TNFi exposure was reported by 382 patients. Any infection (18.1% vs 20.2%, P = .469) and SSI (12.0% vs 12.6%, P = .889) rates were similar in patients currently exposed to TNFis and those unexposed. In multivariable analysis, current TNFi exposure was not associated with any infection (odds ratio, 1.050; 95% confidence interval, 0.716–1.535) or SSI (odds ratio, 1.249; 95% confidence interval, 0.793–1.960). Detectable TNFi drug concentration was not associated with any infection or SSI. Conclusions: Preoperative TNFi exposure was not associated with postoperative infectious complications in a large prospective multicenter cohort.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)204-221
Number of pages18
JournalGastroenterology
Volume163
Issue number1
DOIs
StatePublished - Jul 2022

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

  • Hepatology
  • Gastroenterology

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