@article{1a2489ca67c248d1ba6411401dc36274,
title = "Reactive gas shielding during laser surface alloying for production of hard coatings",
abstract = "The effects of nitrogen addition to shielding gas during laser surface alloying with a mixture of 80 wt.\% 431-type stainless steel and 20 wt.\% titanium carbide powders were investigated. Microstructural characterization of the laser deposits indicated that titanium carbide melted and re-precipitated as fine carbides from the liquid melt during cooling. With 100\% nitrogen shielding and the same powder mixtures, a deposition with increased hardness was obtained. The microstructural evolution in the deposit was calculated with equilibrium thermodynamic calculations.",
author = "Babu, \{S. S.\} and Kelly, \{S. M.\} and M. Murugananth and Martukanitz, \{R. P.\}",
note = "Funding Information: Research sponsored by the Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering and Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Industrial Technologies Program, Industrial Materials for Future, U.S. Department of Energy, under Contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with UT-Battelle, LLC. The laser processing experiments were sponsored by the Laser Processing Consortium and were conducted at the Applied Research Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University. The authors thank Mr. J. Tressler of the Applied Research Laboratory for producing the laser surface deposits. The authors thank Dr. E. A. Payzant of ORNL for performing X-ray diffraction to confirm the presence of titanium carbide in the deposit. The authors also thank Drs. Z. Feng and Q. Han of Oak Ridge National Laboratory for helpful discussions on this paper.",
year = "2006",
month = jan,
day = "24",
doi = "10.1016/j.surfcoat.2005.02.160",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "200",
pages = "2663--2671",
journal = "Surface and Coatings Technology",
issn = "0257-8972",
publisher = "Elsevier B.V.",
number = "8",
}