Real-Time CHIL Simulation and Hierarchical Control of Type-IV WTG in Typhoon

This tutorial style paper shares user experience in modeling and simulation of a full-converter permanent magnet synchronous machine-based wind turbine generator (WTG) in a real-time simulation software, namely Typhoon HIL. The WTG system including machine-side converter (MSC), DC-link chopper, and grid-side converter (GSC) is controlled in a rotating dq frame, and multi-rate simulations are run for control loops and power circuits. Further, some important features such as current limiters, anti-windup limits, chopper, and low voltage ride-through (LVRT) logic per IEEE 1547 standard are also incorporated in the model. The dynamic behavior of this model in Typhoon is compared with a similar model built in a widely accepted EMT simulation software EMTDC/PSCAD. To this end, different aspects of relevant library models, available numerical solvers, user-defined parallelization of simulation models, multi-rate simulation capability, among others are compared and contrasted between Typhoon and PSCAD. Finally, modbus communication between Typhoon and SEL RTAC-3530 is established to perform hierarchical control involving power curtailment and volt-VAr control in the controller hardware-in-the-loop (CHIL) framework.