Reduction of Central Line–Associated Bloodstream Infections in a Pediatric Hematology/Oncology Population

This study reports the results of an initiative to reduce central line–associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) among pediatric hematology/oncology patients, a population at increased risk for CLABSI. The study design was a pre–post comparison of a series of specific interventions over 40 months. Logistic regression was used to determine if the risk of developing CLABSI decreased in the postintervention period, after controlling for covariates. The overall CLABSI rate fell from 9 infections per 1000 line days at the beginning of the study to zero in a cohort of 291 patients encompassing 2107 admissions. Admissions during the intervention period had an 86% reduction in odds of developing a CLABSI, controlling for other factors. At the study team’s institution, an initiative that standardized blood culturing techniques, lab draw times, line care techniques, and provided physician and nurse education was able to eliminate CLABSI among pediatric hematology/oncology patients.