TY - JOUR
T1 - Relaxation in a completely integrable many-body Quantum system
T2 - An Ab initio study of the dynamics of the highly excited states of 1D lattice hard-core bosons
AU - Rigol, Marcos
AU - Dunjko, Vanja
AU - Yurovsky, Vladimir
AU - Olshanii, Maxim
PY - 2007/2/1
Y1 - 2007/2/1
N2 - In this Letter we pose the question of whether a many-body quantum system with a full set of conserved quantities can relax to an equilibrium state, and, if it can, what the properties of such a state are. We confirm the relaxation hypothesis through an ab initio numerical investigation of the dynamics of hard-core bosons on a one-dimensional lattice. Further, a natural extension of the Gibbs ensemble to integrable systems results in a theory that is able to predict the mean values of physical observables after relaxation. Finally, we show that our generalized equilibrium carries more memory of the initial conditions than the usual thermodynamic one. This effect may have many experimental consequences, some of which have already been observed in the recent experiment on the nonequilibrium dynamics of one-dimensional hard-core bosons in a harmonic potential [T. Kinoshita et al., Nature (London) 440, 900 (2006)NATUAS0028-083610.1038/nature04693].
AB - In this Letter we pose the question of whether a many-body quantum system with a full set of conserved quantities can relax to an equilibrium state, and, if it can, what the properties of such a state are. We confirm the relaxation hypothesis through an ab initio numerical investigation of the dynamics of hard-core bosons on a one-dimensional lattice. Further, a natural extension of the Gibbs ensemble to integrable systems results in a theory that is able to predict the mean values of physical observables after relaxation. Finally, we show that our generalized equilibrium carries more memory of the initial conditions than the usual thermodynamic one. This effect may have many experimental consequences, some of which have already been observed in the recent experiment on the nonequilibrium dynamics of one-dimensional hard-core bosons in a harmonic potential [T. Kinoshita et al., Nature (London) 440, 900 (2006)NATUAS0028-083610.1038/nature04693].
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=33846840504&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=33846840504&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.050405
DO - 10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.050405
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:33846840504
SN - 0031-9007
VL - 98
JO - Physical review letters
JF - Physical review letters
IS - 5
M1 - 050405
ER -