TY - JOUR
T1 - Relaxor-PT single crystals
T2 - Observations and developments
AU - Zhang, Shujun
AU - Shrout, Thomas R.
N1 - Funding Information:
Manuscript received January 7, 2010; accepted april 7, 2010. This work was supported by the national Institutes of Health under Grant no. P41-Eb21820 and office of naval research under Grant no. n00014-09-1-01456, n-00014-07-c-0858. The authors are with the Materials research Institute, The Pennsylvania state University, University Park, Pa (e-mail: soz1@psu.edu). digital object Identifier 10.1109/TUFFc.2010.1670
PY - 2010/10
Y1 - 2010/10
N2 - Relaxor-PT based ferroelectric single crystals Pb(Zn1/3Nb 2/3)O3-PbTiO3 (PZNT) and Pb(Mg 1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3 (PMNT) offer high performance with ultra-high electromechanical coupling factors k33s > 0.9 and piezoelectric coefficients d33s > 1500 pC/N. However, the usage temperature range of these perovskite single crystals is limited by T RT-the rhombohedral to tetragonal phase transition temperature, which occurs at significantly lower temperatures than the Curie temperature T C, a consequence of curved morphotropic phase boundaries (MPBs). Furthermore, these ←001→-oriented crystals exhibit low mechanical quality Q and coercive fields, restricting their usage in high-power applications. In this survey, recent developments on binary and ternary perovskite relaxor-PT crystal systems are reviewed with respect to their temperature usage range. General trends of dielectric and piezoelectric properties of relaxor-PT crystal systems are discussed in relation to their respective TC/TRT. In addition, two approaches have been implemented to improve mechanical Q, including acceptor dopants, analogous to hard polycrystalline ceramics, and anisotropic domain engineering, enabling lowloss crystals with high coupling for high-power applications.
AB - Relaxor-PT based ferroelectric single crystals Pb(Zn1/3Nb 2/3)O3-PbTiO3 (PZNT) and Pb(Mg 1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3 (PMNT) offer high performance with ultra-high electromechanical coupling factors k33s > 0.9 and piezoelectric coefficients d33s > 1500 pC/N. However, the usage temperature range of these perovskite single crystals is limited by T RT-the rhombohedral to tetragonal phase transition temperature, which occurs at significantly lower temperatures than the Curie temperature T C, a consequence of curved morphotropic phase boundaries (MPBs). Furthermore, these ←001→-oriented crystals exhibit low mechanical quality Q and coercive fields, restricting their usage in high-power applications. In this survey, recent developments on binary and ternary perovskite relaxor-PT crystal systems are reviewed with respect to their temperature usage range. General trends of dielectric and piezoelectric properties of relaxor-PT crystal systems are discussed in relation to their respective TC/TRT. In addition, two approaches have been implemented to improve mechanical Q, including acceptor dopants, analogous to hard polycrystalline ceramics, and anisotropic domain engineering, enabling lowloss crystals with high coupling for high-power applications.
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U2 - 10.1109/TUFFC.2010.1670
DO - 10.1109/TUFFC.2010.1670
M3 - Article
C2 - 20889397
AN - SCOPUS:77957672602
SN - 0885-3010
VL - 57
SP - 2138
EP - 2146
JO - IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control
JF - IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control
IS - 10
M1 - 5587391
ER -