Safety Assessment of Levulinic Acid and Sodium Levulinate as Used in Cosmetics

Preethi S. Raj; Wilma F. Bergfeld; Donald V. Belsito; David E. Cohen; Curtis D. Klaassen; Daniel C. Liebler; James G. Marks; Lisa A. Peterson; Ronald C. Shank; Thomas J. Slaga; Paul W. Snyder; Monice M. Fiume; Bart Heldreth

doi:10.1177/10915818251359228

Safety Assessment of Levulinic Acid and Sodium Levulinate as Used in Cosmetics

Preethi S. Raj
, Wilma F. Bergfeld
, Donald V. Belsito
, David E. Cohen
, Curtis D. Klaassen
, Daniel C. Liebler
, James G. Marks
, Lisa A. Peterson
, Ronald C. Shank
, Thomas J. Slaga
, Paul W. Snyder
, Monice M. Fiume
, Bart Heldreth

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

The Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety (Panel) assessed the safety of Levulinic Acid and Sodium Levulinate as used in cosmetic formulations. These ingredients are both reported to function in cosmetics as skin conditioning agents, while Levulinic Acid is also reported to function as a fragrance ingredient. The Panel reviewed relevant data relating to the safety of these ingredients in cosmetic formulations, and concluded that these ingredients are safe in cosmetics in the present practices of use and concentration described in this safety assessment when formulated to be non-irritating.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	91S-99S
Journal	International Journal of Toxicology
Volume	44
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1177/10915818251359228
State	Published - Oct 2025

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Toxicology

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10.1177/10915818251359228

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Raj, P. S., Bergfeld, W. F., Belsito, D. V., Cohen, D. E., Klaassen, C. D., Liebler, D. C., Marks, J. G., Peterson, L. A., Shank, R. C., Slaga, T. J., Snyder, P. W., Fiume, M. M., & Heldreth, B. (2025). Safety Assessment of Levulinic Acid and Sodium Levulinate as Used in Cosmetics. International Journal of Toxicology, 44, 91S-99S. https://doi.org/10.1177/10915818251359228

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title = "Safety Assessment of Levulinic Acid and Sodium Levulinate as Used in Cosmetics",

abstract = "The Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety (Panel) assessed the safety of Levulinic Acid and Sodium Levulinate as used in cosmetic formulations. These ingredients are both reported to function in cosmetics as skin conditioning agents, while Levulinic Acid is also reported to function as a fragrance ingredient. The Panel reviewed relevant data relating to the safety of these ingredients in cosmetic formulations, and concluded that these ingredients are safe in cosmetics in the present practices of use and concentration described in this safety assessment when formulated to be non-irritating.",

author = "Raj, \{Preethi S.\} and Bergfeld, \{Wilma F.\} and Belsito, \{Donald V.\} and Cohen, \{David E.\} and Klaassen, \{Curtis D.\} and Liebler, \{Daniel C.\} and Marks, \{James G.\} and Peterson, \{Lisa A.\} and Shank, \{Ronald C.\} and Slaga, \{Thomas J.\} and Snyder, \{Paul W.\} and Fiume, \{Monice M.\} and Bart Heldreth",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} The Author(s) 2025",

year = "2025",

month = oct,

doi = "10.1177/10915818251359228",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "44",

pages = "91S--99S",

journal = "International Journal of Toxicology",

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AU - Raj, Preethi S.

AU - Bergfeld, Wilma F.

AU - Belsito, Donald V.

AU - Cohen, David E.

AU - Klaassen, Curtis D.

AU - Liebler, Daniel C.

AU - Marks, James G.

AU - Peterson, Lisa A.

AU - Shank, Ronald C.

AU - Slaga, Thomas J.

AU - Snyder, Paul W.

AU - Fiume, Monice M.

AU - Heldreth, Bart

PY - 2025/10

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AB - The Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety (Panel) assessed the safety of Levulinic Acid and Sodium Levulinate as used in cosmetic formulations. These ingredients are both reported to function in cosmetics as skin conditioning agents, while Levulinic Acid is also reported to function as a fragrance ingredient. The Panel reviewed relevant data relating to the safety of these ingredients in cosmetic formulations, and concluded that these ingredients are safe in cosmetics in the present practices of use and concentration described in this safety assessment when formulated to be non-irritating.

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AN - SCOPUS:105015714230

SN - 1091-5818

VL - 44

SP - 91S-99S

JO - International Journal of Toxicology

JF - International Journal of Toxicology

ER -

Safety Assessment of Levulinic Acid and Sodium Levulinate as Used in Cosmetics

Abstract

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

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