TY - JOUR
T1 - Secondary Terpenes in Cannabis sativa L.
T2 - Synthesis and Synergy
AU - Chacon, Francisco T.
AU - Raup-Konsavage, Wesley M.
AU - Vrana, Kent E.
AU - Kellogg, Joshua J.
N1 - Funding Information:
J.J.K. is supported in part by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture’s Hatch Appropriations (PEN04772). K.E.V. (and the Penn State College of Medicine) is the recipient of research support from PA Options for Wellness (a state-approved medical marijuana clinical registrant). The funding sources were not involved in: study design; providing any experimental materials; data collection, analysis and interpretation; writing of the report; or the decision to submit the article for publication.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 by the authors.
PY - 2022/12
Y1 - 2022/12
N2 - Cannabis is a complex biosynthetic plant, with a long history of medicinal use. While cannabinoids have received the majority of the attention for their psychoactive and pharmacological activities, cannabis produces a diverse array of phytochemicals, such as terpenes. These compounds are known to play a role in the aroma and flavor of cannabis but are potent biologically active molecules that exert effects on infectious as well as chronic diseases. Furthermore, terpenes have the potential to play important roles, such as synergistic and/or entourage compounds that modulate the activity of the cannabinoids. This review highlights the diversity and bioactivities of terpenes in cannabis, especially minor or secondary terpenes that are less concentrated in cannabis on a by-mass basis. We also explore the question of the entourage effect in cannabis, which studies to date have supported or refuted the concept of synergy in cannabis, and where synergy experimentation is headed, to better understand the interplay between phytochemicals within Cannabis sativa L.
AB - Cannabis is a complex biosynthetic plant, with a long history of medicinal use. While cannabinoids have received the majority of the attention for their psychoactive and pharmacological activities, cannabis produces a diverse array of phytochemicals, such as terpenes. These compounds are known to play a role in the aroma and flavor of cannabis but are potent biologically active molecules that exert effects on infectious as well as chronic diseases. Furthermore, terpenes have the potential to play important roles, such as synergistic and/or entourage compounds that modulate the activity of the cannabinoids. This review highlights the diversity and bioactivities of terpenes in cannabis, especially minor or secondary terpenes that are less concentrated in cannabis on a by-mass basis. We also explore the question of the entourage effect in cannabis, which studies to date have supported or refuted the concept of synergy in cannabis, and where synergy experimentation is headed, to better understand the interplay between phytochemicals within Cannabis sativa L.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85144985388&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85144985388&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/biomedicines10123142
DO - 10.3390/biomedicines10123142
M3 - Review article
C2 - 36551898
AN - SCOPUS:85144985388
SN - 2227-9059
VL - 10
JO - Biomedicines
JF - Biomedicines
IS - 12
M1 - 3142
ER -