TY - JOUR
T1 - Selective use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in the management of congenital diaphragmatic hernia
AU - Stolar, Charles
AU - Dillon, Peter
AU - Reyes, Cynthia
N1 - Funding Information:
From the Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Columbia University College of Physicians & Surgeons, and The Babies Hospital, Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center, New York City. Supported by The Charles Edison Fund and The Anya Fund. Presented at the 34th Annual Congress of the British Association of Paediatric Surgeons, Dublin, July 22-24, 1987. Address reprint requests to Charles Stolar, MD, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Babies Hospital, Room 203 N, 3959 Broadway, New York, NY 10032. 9 1988 by Grune & Stratton, Inc. 0022-3468/88/2303-0002503.00/0
PY - 1988/3
Y1 - 1988/3
N2 - Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) provides lung rest for moribund infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) after deterioration from a "honeymoon" period. This suggests that unstable pulmonary hypertension determines demise more than pulmonary hypoplasia. We avoided treating overwhelming pulmonary hypoplasia by using ECMO only if the premoribund condition had been marked by evidence of adequate lung parenchyma as a best preductal PO2>100 torr and PCO2<50 torr with maximal therapy. Twenty-six CDH infants with respiratory distress within 4 hours survived operation. Five were not ECMO candidates, with best PO2 33±9, PCO2 157±30 torr, and died. Seven honeymoon infants, with best PO2 325±80, PCO2 27±5, survived without ECMO. Fourteen additional infants had honeymoon 26±13 hours with PO2 256±48, PCO2 30±8 followed by a-AdO2 gradients 600 torr×16±4.5 hours despite maximal therapy. All 14 were treated with ECMO for 48 to 210 hours. Arterial blood gas values at initiation were PO2 34±6, PCO2 59±19, and pH 7.22±0.2. Right-to-left shunting due to pulmonary hypertension was documented by oximetry and two-dimensional echo/Doppler examination. Twelve of 14 (86%) ECMO-treated infants survived with normal arterial blood gas values on room air, no right-to-left shunting, and no gross neurologic sequellae to date. Two of 14 died. Improvement of ECMO was marked by positive hyperoxia response and decreased right-to-left shunting. Post-ECMO ventilator support was 120±32 hours. ECMO candidates had higher best PO2 (P<.01) and lower best PCO2 (P<.05) than non-ECMO candidates. Overwhelming pulmonary hypoplasia is not amenable to ECMO but infants who would succumb primarily to pulmonary hypertension can be identified and saved by ECMO.
AB - Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) provides lung rest for moribund infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) after deterioration from a "honeymoon" period. This suggests that unstable pulmonary hypertension determines demise more than pulmonary hypoplasia. We avoided treating overwhelming pulmonary hypoplasia by using ECMO only if the premoribund condition had been marked by evidence of adequate lung parenchyma as a best preductal PO2>100 torr and PCO2<50 torr with maximal therapy. Twenty-six CDH infants with respiratory distress within 4 hours survived operation. Five were not ECMO candidates, with best PO2 33±9, PCO2 157±30 torr, and died. Seven honeymoon infants, with best PO2 325±80, PCO2 27±5, survived without ECMO. Fourteen additional infants had honeymoon 26±13 hours with PO2 256±48, PCO2 30±8 followed by a-AdO2 gradients 600 torr×16±4.5 hours despite maximal therapy. All 14 were treated with ECMO for 48 to 210 hours. Arterial blood gas values at initiation were PO2 34±6, PCO2 59±19, and pH 7.22±0.2. Right-to-left shunting due to pulmonary hypertension was documented by oximetry and two-dimensional echo/Doppler examination. Twelve of 14 (86%) ECMO-treated infants survived with normal arterial blood gas values on room air, no right-to-left shunting, and no gross neurologic sequellae to date. Two of 14 died. Improvement of ECMO was marked by positive hyperoxia response and decreased right-to-left shunting. Post-ECMO ventilator support was 120±32 hours. ECMO candidates had higher best PO2 (P<.01) and lower best PCO2 (P<.05) than non-ECMO candidates. Overwhelming pulmonary hypoplasia is not amenable to ECMO but infants who would succumb primarily to pulmonary hypertension can be identified and saved by ECMO.
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U2 - 10.1016/S0022-3468(88)80723-1
DO - 10.1016/S0022-3468(88)80723-1
M3 - Article
C2 - 3128655
AN - SCOPUS:0023869994
SN - 0022-3468
VL - 23
SP - 207
EP - 211
JO - Journal of pediatric surgery
JF - Journal of pediatric surgery
IS - 3
ER -