Sex Differences in Maternal Restrictive Feeding Practices in the INSIGHT Study

Alexis V Hyczko; Cara F Ruggiero; Emily E Hohman; Stephanie Anzman-Frasca; Jennifer S Savage; Leann L Birch; Ian M Paul

doi:10.1016/j.acap.2021.05.002

Sex Differences in Maternal Restrictive Feeding Practices in the INSIGHT Study

Alexis V Hyczko, Cara F Ruggiero, Emily E Hohman, Stephanie Anzman-Frasca, Jennifer S Savage, Leann L Birch, Ian M Paul

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: INSIGHT tested an early life responsive parenting (RP) intervention designed for obesity prevention. BMIz at age 3 years was lower for the RP group versus controls with a larger effect for girls than boys. We sought to determine if child sex was associated with differing maternal feeding practices and whether sex moderated intervention effects on feeding.

DESIGN/METHODS: Mothers (N=279) completed the Infant Feeding Styles Questionnaire (IFSQ) at 28 weeks, the Structure and Control in Parent Feeding (SCPF) at 1, 2, and 3 years, and the Child Feeding Questionnaire (CFQ) at 3 years. Study aims were tested using two-way analysis of variance and repeated measures.

RESULTS: Mothers reported greater restriction (limiting food quantity) for boys at 28 weeks (IFSQ: 3.0 ± 1.1 vs. 2.8 ± 1.0, P = .07) and across annual measurements from age 1 to 3 years (SCPF: P = .04). At age 3, the intervention group effect on restriction differed by sex (CFQ: P = .047) such that higher restriction was reported by RP group mothers of boys versus girls (3.4 ± 0.7 vs. 3.0 ± 0.9, P = .002) with no control group sex difference (3.4 ± 0.8 vs. 3.3 ± 0.9, P = .79). There were no sex differences or sex by intervention group interactions in other reported feeding practices at any assessment (i.e., structure-based feeding, pressure).

CONCLUSION: Mothers of boys used more restrictive feeding through age 3. These findings may be partially explained by previously reported better self-soothing and self-regulation abilities of participating girls.

Original language	English (US)
Journal	Academic Pediatrics
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acap.2021.05.002
State	E-pub ahead of print - May 18 2021

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10.1016/j.acap.2021.05.002

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title = "Sex Differences in Maternal Restrictive Feeding Practices in the INSIGHT Study",

abstract = "BACKGROUND: INSIGHT tested an early life responsive parenting (RP) intervention designed for obesity prevention. BMIz at age 3 years was lower for the RP group versus controls with a larger effect for girls than boys. We sought to determine if child sex was associated with differing maternal feeding practices and whether sex moderated intervention effects on feeding.DESIGN/METHODS: Mothers (N=279) completed the Infant Feeding Styles Questionnaire (IFSQ) at 28 weeks, the Structure and Control in Parent Feeding (SCPF) at 1, 2, and 3 years, and the Child Feeding Questionnaire (CFQ) at 3 years. Study aims were tested using two-way analysis of variance and repeated measures.RESULTS: Mothers reported greater restriction (limiting food quantity) for boys at 28 weeks (IFSQ: 3.0 ± 1.1 vs. 2.8 ± 1.0, P = .07) and across annual measurements from age 1 to 3 years (SCPF: P = .04). At age 3, the intervention group effect on restriction differed by sex (CFQ: P = .047) such that higher restriction was reported by RP group mothers of boys versus girls (3.4 ± 0.7 vs. 3.0 ± 0.9, P = .002) with no control group sex difference (3.4 ± 0.8 vs. 3.3 ± 0.9, P = .79). There were no sex differences or sex by intervention group interactions in other reported feeding practices at any assessment (i.e., structure-based feeding, pressure).CONCLUSION: Mothers of boys used more restrictive feeding through age 3. These findings may be partially explained by previously reported better self-soothing and self-regulation abilities of participating girls.",

author = "Hyczko, {Alexis V} and Ruggiero, {Cara F} and Hohman, {Emily E} and Stephanie Anzman-Frasca and Savage, {Jennifer S} and Birch, {Leann L} and Paul, {Ian M}",

note = "Copyright {\textcopyright} 2021. Published by Elsevier Inc.",

year = "2021",

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doi = "10.1016/j.acap.2021.05.002",

language = "English (US)",

journal = "Academic Pediatrics",

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T1 - Sex Differences in Maternal Restrictive Feeding Practices in the INSIGHT Study

AU - Hyczko, Alexis V

AU - Ruggiero, Cara F

AU - Hohman, Emily E

AU - Anzman-Frasca, Stephanie

AU - Savage, Jennifer S

AU - Birch, Leann L

AU - Paul, Ian M

PY - 2021/5/18

Y1 - 2021/5/18

N2 - BACKGROUND: INSIGHT tested an early life responsive parenting (RP) intervention designed for obesity prevention. BMIz at age 3 years was lower for the RP group versus controls with a larger effect for girls than boys. We sought to determine if child sex was associated with differing maternal feeding practices and whether sex moderated intervention effects on feeding.DESIGN/METHODS: Mothers (N=279) completed the Infant Feeding Styles Questionnaire (IFSQ) at 28 weeks, the Structure and Control in Parent Feeding (SCPF) at 1, 2, and 3 years, and the Child Feeding Questionnaire (CFQ) at 3 years. Study aims were tested using two-way analysis of variance and repeated measures.RESULTS: Mothers reported greater restriction (limiting food quantity) for boys at 28 weeks (IFSQ: 3.0 ± 1.1 vs. 2.8 ± 1.0, P = .07) and across annual measurements from age 1 to 3 years (SCPF: P = .04). At age 3, the intervention group effect on restriction differed by sex (CFQ: P = .047) such that higher restriction was reported by RP group mothers of boys versus girls (3.4 ± 0.7 vs. 3.0 ± 0.9, P = .002) with no control group sex difference (3.4 ± 0.8 vs. 3.3 ± 0.9, P = .79). There were no sex differences or sex by intervention group interactions in other reported feeding practices at any assessment (i.e., structure-based feeding, pressure).CONCLUSION: Mothers of boys used more restrictive feeding through age 3. These findings may be partially explained by previously reported better self-soothing and self-regulation abilities of participating girls.

AB - BACKGROUND: INSIGHT tested an early life responsive parenting (RP) intervention designed for obesity prevention. BMIz at age 3 years was lower for the RP group versus controls with a larger effect for girls than boys. We sought to determine if child sex was associated with differing maternal feeding practices and whether sex moderated intervention effects on feeding.DESIGN/METHODS: Mothers (N=279) completed the Infant Feeding Styles Questionnaire (IFSQ) at 28 weeks, the Structure and Control in Parent Feeding (SCPF) at 1, 2, and 3 years, and the Child Feeding Questionnaire (CFQ) at 3 years. Study aims were tested using two-way analysis of variance and repeated measures.RESULTS: Mothers reported greater restriction (limiting food quantity) for boys at 28 weeks (IFSQ: 3.0 ± 1.1 vs. 2.8 ± 1.0, P = .07) and across annual measurements from age 1 to 3 years (SCPF: P = .04). At age 3, the intervention group effect on restriction differed by sex (CFQ: P = .047) such that higher restriction was reported by RP group mothers of boys versus girls (3.4 ± 0.7 vs. 3.0 ± 0.9, P = .002) with no control group sex difference (3.4 ± 0.8 vs. 3.3 ± 0.9, P = .79). There were no sex differences or sex by intervention group interactions in other reported feeding practices at any assessment (i.e., structure-based feeding, pressure).CONCLUSION: Mothers of boys used more restrictive feeding through age 3. These findings may be partially explained by previously reported better self-soothing and self-regulation abilities of participating girls.

U2 - 10.1016/j.acap.2021.05.002

DO - 10.1016/j.acap.2021.05.002

M3 - Article

C2 - 34020105

SN - 1876-2859

JO - Academic Pediatrics

JF - Academic Pediatrics

ER -

Sex Differences in Maternal Restrictive Feeding Practices in the INSIGHT Study

Abstract

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