Short-and long-term health challenges of transportation workforce due to extreme weather conditions

The success of a transportation project to some extent depends on the health condition of the workforce working in the field. The short- and long-term physical and mental health of field workers in the construction of transportation infrastructure are mostly overlooked by employers. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the impact of heat stress and cold weather (two extreme weather conditions) on the health of transportation projects' workforce. To this end, a comprehensive study of the literature in this area was conducted focusing on the effects of extreme weather conditions on the transportation project workers with regard to their age, gender, and race. In addition, proper strategies to manage the negative effects of extreme weather on workers' health were established. The results indicated that workers over 50 years old are significantly more affected by extreme weather conditions. In addition, female workers and pregnant women are at a higher risk of a cardiac strain than male workers. Furthermore, Hispanic workers are found to have more heat disorders compared to non-Hispanics. Timely breaks and increased workforce are the most cited management strategies that reduce the effects of heat load and help in increasing the project's productivity. This study helps project managers identify the workers at the highest risks of health problems. In addition, the findings of this study will assist employers to adopt strategies that prevent and/or reduce the physical and mental health issues in the transportation field workforce.