TY - JOUR
T1 - Simultaneous creation of a large vapor plume and pumice raft by the 2021 Fukutoku-Oka-no-Ba shallow submarine eruption
AU - Fauria, Kristen E.
AU - Jutzeler, Martin
AU - Mittal, Tushar
AU - Gupta, Ashok Kumar
AU - Kelly, Liam J.
AU - Rausch, John
AU - Bennartz, Ralf
AU - Delbridge, Brent
AU - Retailleau, Lise
N1 - Funding Information:
DigitalGlobe/Maxar data were provided by the Commercial Archive Data for NASA investigators (cad4nasa.gsfc.nasa.gov) under the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency's NextView license agreement. This work was funded by National Aeronautics and Space Administration grant 80NSSC20K1450 (K.E.F. R.B. A.G. L.J.K.). TM was supported by a Massachusetts Institute of Technology Crosby fellowship. We thank the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Library for providing access to imagery from Planet Labs. The Himawari-8 radiance data are obtained from the National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT) Science Cloud, Japan. The authors wish to thank the World Wide Lightning Location Network (http://wwlln.net), a collaboration among over 50 universities and institutions, for providing the lightning location data used in this paper. The local earthquakes location was extracted from the USGS earthquakes catalog (earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes). The seismic recordings were accessed through the IRIS datacenter (http://www.iris.edu/mda) with the module Obspy. We thank Alexa Van Eaton and an anonymous reviewer for their constructive comments that greatly improved this manuscript. We also thank editor Chiara Petrone for handling this manuscript and Michael Manga and three anonymous reviewers for commenting on an earlier version. Finally, we acknowledge the Japan Meteorological Agency and Japan Coast Guard for their important roles responding to this eruption.
Funding Information:
DigitalGlobe/Maxar data were provided by the Commercial Archive Data for NASA investigators (cad4nasa.gsfc.nasa.gov) under the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency's NextView license agreement. This work was funded by National Aeronautics and Space Administration grant 80NSSC20K1450 (K.E.F., R.B., A.G., L.J.K.). TM was supported by a Massachusetts Institute of Technology Crosby fellowship. We thank the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Library for providing access to imagery from Planet Labs. The Himawari-8 radiance data are obtained from the National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT) Science Cloud, Japan. The authors wish to thank the World Wide Lightning Location Network ( http://wwlln.net ), a collaboration among over 50 universities and institutions, for providing the lightning location data used in this paper. The local earthquakes location was extracted from the USGS earthquakes catalog (earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes). The seismic recordings were accessed through the IRIS datacenter ( http://www.iris.edu/mda ) with the module Obspy. We thank Alexa Van Eaton and an anonymous reviewer for their constructive comments that greatly improved this manuscript. We also thank editor Chiara Petrone for handling this manuscript and Michael Manga and three anonymous reviewers for commenting on an earlier version. Finally, we acknowledge the Japan Meteorological Agency and Japan Coast Guard for their important roles responding to this eruption.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 The Authors
PY - 2023/5/1
Y1 - 2023/5/1
N2 - The 12 August 2021 eruption of Fukutoku-Oka-no-Ba, a shallow submarine volcano in the Izu-Bonin arc of Japan, is one of few documented submarine eruptions to make a large aerial plume and floating pumice raft. Relative to past eruptions, this event was well-covered by multiple high resolution satellite remote sensors, raising the possibility of resolving important questions about the timing of raft and plume formation, and their relationship. Here we use satellite remote sensing to assess the eruption timeline, style, rates, and products. We use the Himawari-8 satellite to assess the plume volume flux and height through time. In addition, we use a combination of ultra-high resolution satellite imagery to assess the timing and mechanisms of raft formation. We find that the 16 km eruption plume was ice-rich and conclude that the 0.1 km3 raft and eruption plume were co-genetic. Finally, we suggest that pumice clasts were delivered to the raft by tephra jets, ballistics, and near-vent fallout from the plume. Together our observations reveal that the fallout of pumice lapilli from a water-rich eruption column generated a large pumice raft.
AB - The 12 August 2021 eruption of Fukutoku-Oka-no-Ba, a shallow submarine volcano in the Izu-Bonin arc of Japan, is one of few documented submarine eruptions to make a large aerial plume and floating pumice raft. Relative to past eruptions, this event was well-covered by multiple high resolution satellite remote sensors, raising the possibility of resolving important questions about the timing of raft and plume formation, and their relationship. Here we use satellite remote sensing to assess the eruption timeline, style, rates, and products. We use the Himawari-8 satellite to assess the plume volume flux and height through time. In addition, we use a combination of ultra-high resolution satellite imagery to assess the timing and mechanisms of raft formation. We find that the 16 km eruption plume was ice-rich and conclude that the 0.1 km3 raft and eruption plume were co-genetic. Finally, we suggest that pumice clasts were delivered to the raft by tephra jets, ballistics, and near-vent fallout from the plume. Together our observations reveal that the fallout of pumice lapilli from a water-rich eruption column generated a large pumice raft.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.epsl.2023.118076
DO - 10.1016/j.epsl.2023.118076
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85149776975
SN - 0012-821X
VL - 609
JO - Earth and Planetary Science Letters
JF - Earth and Planetary Science Letters
M1 - 118076
ER -