TY - JOUR
T1 - Small power
T2 - Autonomous nano- and micromotors propelled by self-generated gradients
AU - Wang, Wei
AU - Duan, Wentao
AU - Ahmed, Suzanne
AU - Mallouk, Thomas E.
AU - Sen, Ayusman
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank our many coworkers and collaborators who have contributed to this project over the past decade. This research has been conducted in the Penn State Center for Nanoscale Science , a Materials Research Science and Engineering Center supported by the National Science Foundation under grant DMR-0820404 . Wei Wang received his B.Sc. in applied chemistry from Harbin Institute of Technology (China) in 2008. He is currently a Ph.D. candidate in the Mallouk Group in the Department of Chemistry at Penn State University. His research focuses on nano- and microscale motors propelled by self-generated forces such as self-electrophoretic and acoustophoretic motors. He is also interested in understanding and predicting the behaviors of these motors through numerical simulations. Wentao Duan received his B.S. degree in Chemistry at Yuanpei College, Peking University (P.R. China). He then joined the nanomotor research group at the Pennsylvania State University to pursue his Ph.D. degree under the supervision of Prof. Ayusman Sen. His research interests include designing nanomotors that exhibit collective behavior, and exploring and modeling the diffusional properties of nanomotors. Suzanne Ahmed received her B.S. from the University of California, Riverside and her M.S. in Chemistry from the University of California, Berkeley. She is currently a Ph.D. candidate in the Mallouk Group at Penn State University. Her research focuses on the study of propulsion and control of nano- and microscale motors. Thomas Mallouk received his Sc.B. from Brown University and his Ph.D. in Chemistry from the University of California, Berkeley. He was a postdoctoral fellow at MIT and a member of the Chemistry faculty at the University of Texas at Austin. Since 1993 he has been at Penn State, where he is now Evan Pugh Professor of Materials Chemistry and Physics. He is interested in the synthesis of solid state compounds and nanomaterials, and their applications in electrochemical and solar energy conversion, microelectronics, catalysis, environmental remediation, and powered motion on the nano- and microscale. Ayusman Sen was born in Calcutta, India and holds a Ph.D. from the University of Chicago where he was first introduced to catalysis. Following a year of postdoctoral work at the California Institute of Technology, he joined the Chemistry Department of the Pennsylvania State University where he is currently a Distinguished Professor. He is a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. His research interests encompass catalysis, organometallic and polymer chemistry, and nanotechnology. He is the author of approximately 325 scientific publications and holds 24 patents. Sen's pastime centers on enological and gastronomical explorations.
PY - 2013/10
Y1 - 2013/10
N2 - In this article we review the development, current status and future prospects of nano- and microscale motors propelled by locally generated fields and chemical gradients. These motors move autonomously in fluids by converting different sources of energy into mechanical work. Most commonly they are particles that are similar in their largest dimensions to bacteria (a few microns) or eukaryotic cells (10-20 μm). Their shapes and compositions are designed to break symmetry in some way to create a local gradient (chemical, acoustic, thermal, etc.). A few important principles are introduced for readers to understand the physics of powered movement on small length scales. Interesting collective and emergent behaviors, as well as current and developing applications of these motors are also reviewed. Nano- and micromotors that are propelled by other mechanisms such as bubble recoil and magnetic induction are also briefly discussed.
AB - In this article we review the development, current status and future prospects of nano- and microscale motors propelled by locally generated fields and chemical gradients. These motors move autonomously in fluids by converting different sources of energy into mechanical work. Most commonly they are particles that are similar in their largest dimensions to bacteria (a few microns) or eukaryotic cells (10-20 μm). Their shapes and compositions are designed to break symmetry in some way to create a local gradient (chemical, acoustic, thermal, etc.). A few important principles are introduced for readers to understand the physics of powered movement on small length scales. Interesting collective and emergent behaviors, as well as current and developing applications of these motors are also reviewed. Nano- and micromotors that are propelled by other mechanisms such as bubble recoil and magnetic induction are also briefly discussed.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.nantod.2013.08.009
DO - 10.1016/j.nantod.2013.08.009
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:84886946155
SN - 1748-0132
VL - 8
SP - 531
EP - 554
JO - Nano Today
JF - Nano Today
IS - 5
ER -