Sol-gel Processing Of Cordierite: Effect of Seeding and Optimization of Heat Treatment

Three series of cordierite powders were prepared by the sol-gel route: a single phase (monophasic) gel prepared from alkoxides, a nominally triphasic nanocomposite gel made with two nanosized powders and one solution phase, and a truly compositionally triphasic nanocomposite gel prepared from three nanosized powders. Crystalline α-cordierite seeds were also incorporated with the gels and their effectiveness as nucleating agents was investigated and found to lower the crystallization temperature of α-cordierite by 125–150 °C. The densification behavior of powder compacts was examined and alterations made to the heat treatment until optimum conditions were found. The truly triphasic compact sintered at 1300 °C for 2 h resulted in 100% of theoretical density whereas the nominally triphasic and monophasic pellets densified to 96% and 80%, respectively. The enhanced densification achieved with powder compacts prepared from triphasic nanocomposite gels is due in part to the excess free energy of the three components.