@article{1bbb9d19228c449cb959818c45dbde53,
title = "Something fishy in seafood trade? The relation between tariff and non-tariff barriers",
abstract = "As importing countries honor trade agreements to lower tariff rates, traditional tariff barriers may be replaced with non-tariff barriers. Previous literature has found that the implementation of food safety standards, specifically the use of import notifications and rejections, has acted as a significant barrier to trade in both the EU and the US. This article estimates the relation between a change in tariff rates and the use of non-tariff barriers, measured by a count of EU seafood import notifications. We find that when trade agreements generate a decrease in tariffs, we observe an increase in the number of import notifications, holding trade volume constant. This effect is strongest for those products that are rejected at the border for less threatening health reasons. Although we see clear evidence that non-tariff barriers are responding to health risks, they also appear to be correlated with demand for protection.",
author = "Kathy Baylis and Lia Nogueira and Linlin Fan and Kathryn Pace",
note = "Funding Information: The authors would like to thank Don Fullerton, David Bullock, Bruno Larue, Xiaoli Liao, Karl Meilke, Alex Winter‐Nelson, Bob Wolfe, and participants at the 2010 IATRC and 2011 CATPRN workshops for their excellent suggestions. Thanks also go to the Canadian Agricultural Trade Policy Research Network (CATPRN) for funding. This work is also supported by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture and Hatch Appropriations under Project #PEN04709 and Accession #1019915. The authors are grateful to editor Terry Hurley and three anonymous reviewers for their suggestions. All remaining errors and omissions are our own. 1 Funding Information: The authors would like to thank Don Fullerton, David Bullock, Bruno Larue, Xiaoli Liao, Karl Meilke, Alex Winter-Nelson, Bob Wolfe, and participants at the 2010 IATRC and 2011 CATPRN workshops for their excellent suggestions. Thanks also go to the Canadian Agricultural Trade Policy Research Network (CATPRN) for funding. This work is also supported by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture and Hatch Appropriations under Project #PEN04709 and Accession #1019915. The authors are grateful to editor Terry Hurley and three anonymous reviewers for their suggestions. All remaining errors and omissions are our own. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 Agricultural & Applied Economics Association.",
year = "2022",
month = oct,
doi = "10.1111/ajae.12303",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "104",
pages = "1656--1678",
journal = "American Journal of Agricultural Economics",
issn = "0002-9092",
publisher = "John Wiley & Sons Inc.",
number = "5",
}