TY - JOUR
T1 - Sonodynamic Effect of an Anti-Inflammatory Agent - Emodin on Macrophages
AU - Gao, Qianping
AU - Wang, Fengping
AU - Guo, Shuyuan
AU - Li, Jingyi
AU - Zhu, Bidan
AU - Cheng, Jiali
AU - Jin, Yinghua
AU - Li, Bo
AU - Wang, Huan
AU - Shi, Sa
AU - Gao, Qiang
AU - Zhang, Zhiguo
AU - Cao, Wenwu
AU - Tian, Ye
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China ( 30470473; 30970786 ) and the National 863 Program of China ( 2007AA02Z450 ). This work was also supported by the Doctoral Fund of the Ministry of Education of China ( 20070226026 ).
PY - 2011/9
Y1 - 2011/9
N2 - Emodin has been used as an anti-inflammatory agent and inflammation is a crucial feature of atherosclerosis. Here, we investigated the sonodynamic effect of emodin on macrophages, the pivotal inflammatory cells in atherosclerotic plaque. THP-1 derived macrophages were cultured with emodin and exposed to ultrasound. Six hours later, unlike the cells treated for 5 and 10 min, the viability of cells treated for 15 min decreased significantly and the cells showed typical apoptotic chromatin fragmentation. The percentage of apoptotic and necrotic cells in the sonodynamic therapy (SDT) group was higher than that in the ultrasound group. Two hours after treatment for 15 min, the cytoskeleton lost its original features as the filaments dispersed and the cytoskeletal proteins aggregated. The percentage of cells with disturbed cytoskeletal filaments in the SDT group was higher than that in the ultrasound group. These results suggest emodin has a sonodynamic effect on macrophages and might be used as a novel sonosensitizer for SDT for atherosclerosis.
AB - Emodin has been used as an anti-inflammatory agent and inflammation is a crucial feature of atherosclerosis. Here, we investigated the sonodynamic effect of emodin on macrophages, the pivotal inflammatory cells in atherosclerotic plaque. THP-1 derived macrophages were cultured with emodin and exposed to ultrasound. Six hours later, unlike the cells treated for 5 and 10 min, the viability of cells treated for 15 min decreased significantly and the cells showed typical apoptotic chromatin fragmentation. The percentage of apoptotic and necrotic cells in the sonodynamic therapy (SDT) group was higher than that in the ultrasound group. Two hours after treatment for 15 min, the cytoskeleton lost its original features as the filaments dispersed and the cytoskeletal proteins aggregated. The percentage of cells with disturbed cytoskeletal filaments in the SDT group was higher than that in the ultrasound group. These results suggest emodin has a sonodynamic effect on macrophages and might be used as a novel sonosensitizer for SDT for atherosclerosis.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2011.05.846
DO - 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2011.05.846
M3 - Article
C2 - 21767904
AN - SCOPUS:79960956457
SN - 0301-5629
VL - 37
SP - 1478
EP - 1485
JO - Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology
JF - Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology
IS - 9
ER -