Spectrum and morphology of the very-high-energy source HAWC J2019+368

A. Albert; R. Alfaro; C. Alvarez; J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez; K. P. Arunbabu; D. Avila Rojas; H. A.Ayala Solares; V. Baghmanyan; E. Belmont-Moreno; C. Brisbois; K. S. Caballero-Mora; T. Capistrán; A. Carramiñana; S. Casanova; J. Cotzomi; S. Coutiño de León; E. de la Fuente; R. Diaz Hernandez; B. L. Dingus; M. A. DuVernois; M. Durocher; K. Engel; C. Espinoza; N. Fraija; D. Garcia; J. A. García-González; G. Giacinti; M. M. González; J. A. Goodman; J. P. Harding; J. Hinton; B. Hona; D. Huang; F. Hueyotl-Zahuantitla; P. Huentemeyer; A. Jardin-Blicq; V. Joshi; W. H. Lee; H. León Vargas; J. T. Linnemann; A. L. Longinotti; G. Luis-Raya; J. Lundeen; R. López-Coto; K. Malone; O. Martinez; J. Martínez-Castro; J. A. Matthews; P. Miranda-Romagnoli; J. A. Morales-Soto; E. Moreno; M. Mostafá; A. Nayerhoda; L. Nellen; M. Newbold; M. U. Nisa; R. Noriega-Papaqui; L. Olivera-Nieto; N. Omodei; A. Peisker; Y. Pérez Araujo; E. G. Pérez-Pérez; C. D. Rho; D. Rosa-González; E. Ruiz-Velasco; H. Salazar; F. Salesa Greus; A. Sandoval; M. Schneider; H. Schoorlemmer; J. Serna-Franco; A. J. Smith; R. W. Springer; P. Surajbali; K. Tollefson; I. Torres; R. Turner; F. Ureña-Mena; T. Weisgarber; E. Willox; H. Zhou; C. de León

doi:10.3847/1538-4357/abecda

Spectrum and morphology of the very-high-energy source HAWC J2019+368

A. Albert, R. Alfaro, C. Alvarez, J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez, K. P. Arunbabu, D. Avila Rojas, H. A.Ayala Solares, V. Baghmanyan, E. Belmont-Moreno, C. Brisbois, K. S. Caballero-Mora, T. Capistrán, A. Carramiñana, S. Casanova, J. Cotzomi, S. Coutiño de León, E. de la Fuente, R. Diaz Hernandez, B. L. Dingus, M. A. DuVernoisM. Durocher, K. Engel, C. Espinoza, N. Fraija, D. Garcia, J. A. García-González, G. Giacinti, M. M. González, J. A. Goodman, J. P. Harding, J. Hinton, B. Hona, D. Huang, F. Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, P. Huentemeyer, A. Jardin-Blicq, V. Joshi, W. H. Lee, H. León Vargas, J. T. Linnemann, A. L. Longinotti, G. Luis-Raya, J. Lundeen, R. López-Coto, K. Malone, O. Martinez, J. Martínez-Castro, J. A. Matthews, P. Miranda-Romagnoli, J. A. Morales-Soto, E. Moreno, M. Mostafá, A. Nayerhoda, L. Nellen, M. Newbold, M. U. Nisa, R. Noriega-Papaqui, L. Olivera-Nieto, N. Omodei, A. Peisker, Y. Pérez Araujo, E. G. Pérez-Pérez, C. D. Rho, D. Rosa-González, E. Ruiz-Velasco, H. Salazar, F. Salesa Greus, A. Sandoval, M. Schneider, H. Schoorlemmer, J. Serna-Franco, A. J. Smith, R. W. Springer, P. Surajbali, K. Tollefson, I. Torres, R. Turner, F. Ureña-Mena, T. Weisgarber, E. Willox, H. Zhou, C. de León

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Abstract

The MGRO J2019+37 region is one of the brightest sources in the sky at TeV energies. It was detected in the second HAWC catalog as 2HWC J2019+367 and here we present a detailed study of this region using data from HAWC. This analysis resolves the region into two sources: HAWC J2019+368 and HAWC J2016+371. We associate HAWC J2016+371 with the evolved supernova remnant CTB 87, although its low significance in this analysis prevents a detailed study at this time. An investigation of the morphology (including possible energy-dependent morphology) and spectrum for HAWC J2019+368 is the focus of this work. We associate HAWC J2019+368 with PSR J2021+3651 and its X-ray pulsar wind nebula, the Dragonfly nebula. Modeling the spectrum measured by HAWC and Suzaku reveals a ∼7 kyr pulsar and nebula system producing the observed emission at X-ray and γ-ray energies.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	143
Journal	Astrophysical Journal
Volume	911
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/abecda
State	Published - Apr 20 2021

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Astronomy and Astrophysics
Space and Planetary Science

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10.3847/1538-4357/abecda

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Albert, A., Alfaro, R., Alvarez, C., Arteaga-Velázquez, J. C., Arunbabu, K. P., Rojas, D. A., Solares, H. A. A., Baghmanyan, V., Belmont-Moreno, E., Brisbois, C., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Capistrán, T., Carramiñana, A., Casanova, S., Cotzomi, J., de León, S. C., de la Fuente, E., Hernandez, R. D., Dingus, B. L., ... de León, C. (2021). Spectrum and morphology of the very-high-energy source HAWC J2019+368. Astrophysical Journal, 911(2), Article 143. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/abecda

@article{706cbd9a7cf44e4d8ec139e0d2459f5e,

title = "Spectrum and morphology of the very-high-energy source HAWC J2019+368",

abstract = "The MGRO J2019+37 region is one of the brightest sources in the sky at TeV energies. It was detected in the second HAWC catalog as 2HWC J2019+367 and here we present a detailed study of this region using data from HAWC. This analysis resolves the region into two sources: HAWC J2019+368 and HAWC J2016+371. We associate HAWC J2016+371 with the evolved supernova remnant CTB 87, although its low significance in this analysis prevents a detailed study at this time. An investigation of the morphology (including possible energy-dependent morphology) and spectrum for HAWC J2019+368 is the focus of this work. We associate HAWC J2019+368 with PSR J2021+3651 and its X-ray pulsar wind nebula, the Dragonfly nebula. Modeling the spectrum measured by HAWC and Suzaku reveals a ∼7 kyr pulsar and nebula system producing the observed emission at X-ray and γ-ray energies.",

author = "A. Albert and R. Alfaro and C. Alvarez and Arteaga-Vel{\'a}zquez, {J. C.} and Arunbabu, {K. P.} and Rojas, {D. Avila} and Solares, {H. A.Ayala} and V. Baghmanyan and E. Belmont-Moreno and C. Brisbois and Caballero-Mora, {K. S.} and T. Capistr{\'a}n and A. Carrami{\~n}ana and S. Casanova and J. Cotzomi and {de Le{\'o}n}, {S. Couti{\~n}o} and {de la Fuente}, E. and Hernandez, {R. Diaz} and Dingus, {B. L.} and DuVernois, {M. A.} and M. Durocher and K. Engel and C. Espinoza and N. Fraija and D. Garcia and Garc{\'i}a-Gonz{\'a}lez, {J. A.} and G. Giacinti and Gonz{\'a}lez, {M. M.} and Goodman, {J. A.} and Harding, {J. P.} and J. Hinton and B. Hona and D. Huang and F. Hueyotl-Zahuantitla and P. Huentemeyer and A. Jardin-Blicq and V. Joshi and Lee, {W. H.} and Vargas, {H. Le{\'o}n} and Linnemann, {J. T.} and Longinotti, {A. L.} and G. Luis-Raya and J. Lundeen and R. L{\'o}pez-Coto and K. Malone and O. Martinez and J. Mart{\'i}nez-Castro and Matthews, {J. A.} and P. Miranda-Romagnoli and Morales-Soto, {J. A.} and E. Moreno and M. Mostaf{\'a} and A. Nayerhoda and L. Nellen and M. Newbold and Nisa, {M. U.} and R. Noriega-Papaqui and L. Olivera-Nieto and N. Omodei and A. Peisker and Araujo, {Y. P{\'e}rez} and P{\'e}rez-P{\'e}rez, {E. G.} and Rho, {C. D.} and D. Rosa-Gonz{\'a}lez and E. Ruiz-Velasco and H. Salazar and Greus, {F. Salesa} and A. Sandoval and M. Schneider and H. Schoorlemmer and J. Serna-Franco and Smith, {A. J.} and Springer, {R. W.} and P. Surajbali and K. Tollefson and I. Torres and R. Turner and F. Ure{\~n}a-Mena and T. Weisgarber and E. Willox and H. Zhou and {de Le{\'o}n}, C.",

note = "Funding Information: We acknowledge the support from: the US National Science Foundation (NSF); the US Department of Energy Office of High-Energy Physics; the Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) program of Los Alamos National Laboratory; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog{\'i}a (CONACyT), M{\'e}xico, grants 271051, 232656, 260378, 179588, 254964, 258865, 243290, 132197, A1-S-46288, A1-S-22784, c{\'a}tedras 873, 1563, 341, 323, Red HAWC, M{\'e}xico; DGAPA-UNAM grants IG101320, IN111315, IN111716-3, IN111419, IA102019, IN110621; VIEP-BUAP; PIFI 2012, 2013, PROFOCIE 2014, 2015; the University of Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation; the Institute of Geophysics, Planetary Physics, and Signatures at Los Alamos National Laboratory; Polish Science Centre grant, DEC-2017/27/B/ ST9/02272; Coordinaci{\'o}n de la Investigaci{\'o}n Cient{\'i}fica de la Universidad Michoacana; Royal Society—Newton Advanced Fellowship 180385; Generalitat Valenciana, grant CIDEGENT/2018/034; Chulalongkorn University{\textquoteright}s CUniverse (CUAASC) grant. Thanks to Scott Delay, Luciano D{\'i}az and Eduardo Murrieta for technical support. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.",

year = "2021",

month = apr,

day = "20",

doi = "10.3847/1538-4357/abecda",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "911",

journal = "Astrophysical Journal",

issn = "0004-637X",

publisher = "IOP Publishing Ltd.",

number = "2",

}

Albert, A, Alfaro, R, Alvarez, C, Arteaga-Velázquez, JC, Arunbabu, KP, Rojas, DA, Solares, HAA, Baghmanyan, V, Belmont-Moreno, E, Brisbois, C, Caballero-Mora, KS, Capistrán, T, Carramiñana, A, Casanova, S, Cotzomi, J, de León, SC, de la Fuente, E, Hernandez, RD, Dingus, BL, DuVernois, MA, Durocher, M, Engel, K, Espinoza, C, Fraija, N, Garcia, D, García-González, JA, Giacinti, G, González, MM, Goodman, JA, Harding, JP, Hinton, J, Hona, B, Huang, D, Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, F, Huentemeyer, P, Jardin-Blicq, A, Joshi, V, Lee, WH, Vargas, HL, Linnemann, JT, Longinotti, AL, Luis-Raya, G, Lundeen, J, López-Coto, R, Malone, K, Martinez, O, Martínez-Castro, J, Matthews, JA, Miranda-Romagnoli, P, Morales-Soto, JA, Moreno, E, Mostafá, M, Nayerhoda, A, Nellen, L, Newbold, M, Nisa, MU, Noriega-Papaqui, R, Olivera-Nieto, L, Omodei, N, Peisker, A, Araujo, YP, Pérez-Pérez, EG, Rho, CD, Rosa-González, D, Ruiz-Velasco, E, Salazar, H, Greus, FS, Sandoval, A, Schneider, M, Schoorlemmer, H, Serna-Franco, J, Smith, AJ, Springer, RW, Surajbali, P, Tollefson, K, Torres, I, Turner, R, Ureña-Mena, F, Weisgarber, T, Willox, E, Zhou, H & de León, C 2021, 'Spectrum and morphology of the very-high-energy source HAWC J2019+368', Astrophysical Journal, vol. 911, no. 2, 143. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/abecda

TY - JOUR

T1 - Spectrum and morphology of the very-high-energy source HAWC J2019+368

AU - Albert, A.

AU - Alfaro, R.

AU - Alvarez, C.

AU - Arteaga-Velázquez, J. C.

AU - Arunbabu, K. P.

AU - Rojas, D. Avila

AU - Solares, H. A.Ayala

AU - Baghmanyan, V.

AU - Belmont-Moreno, E.

AU - Brisbois, C.

AU - Caballero-Mora, K. S.

AU - Capistrán, T.

AU - Carramiñana, A.

AU - Casanova, S.

AU - Cotzomi, J.

AU - de León, S. Coutiño

AU - de la Fuente, E.

AU - Hernandez, R. Diaz

AU - Dingus, B. L.

AU - DuVernois, M. A.

AU - Durocher, M.

AU - Engel, K.

AU - Espinoza, C.

AU - Fraija, N.

AU - Garcia, D.

AU - García-González, J. A.

AU - Giacinti, G.

AU - González, M. M.

AU - Goodman, J. A.

AU - Harding, J. P.

AU - Hinton, J.

AU - Hona, B.

AU - Huang, D.

AU - Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, F.

AU - Huentemeyer, P.

AU - Jardin-Blicq, A.

AU - Joshi, V.

AU - Lee, W. H.

AU - Vargas, H. León

AU - Linnemann, J. T.

AU - Longinotti, A. L.

AU - Luis-Raya, G.

AU - Lundeen, J.

AU - López-Coto, R.

AU - Malone, K.

AU - Martinez, O.

AU - Martínez-Castro, J.

AU - Matthews, J. A.

AU - Miranda-Romagnoli, P.

AU - Morales-Soto, J. A.

AU - Moreno, E.

AU - Mostafá, M.

AU - Nayerhoda, A.

AU - Nellen, L.

AU - Newbold, M.

AU - Nisa, M. U.

AU - Noriega-Papaqui, R.

AU - Olivera-Nieto, L.

AU - Omodei, N.

AU - Peisker, A.

AU - Araujo, Y. Pérez

AU - Pérez-Pérez, E. G.

AU - Rho, C. D.

AU - Rosa-González, D.

AU - Ruiz-Velasco, E.

AU - Salazar, H.

AU - Greus, F. Salesa

AU - Sandoval, A.

AU - Schneider, M.

AU - Schoorlemmer, H.

AU - Serna-Franco, J.

AU - Smith, A. J.

AU - Springer, R. W.

AU - Surajbali, P.

AU - Tollefson, K.

AU - Torres, I.

AU - Turner, R.

AU - Ureña-Mena, F.

AU - Weisgarber, T.

AU - Willox, E.

AU - Zhou, H.

AU - de León, C.

N1 - Funding Information: We acknowledge the support from: the US National Science Foundation (NSF); the US Department of Energy Office of High-Energy Physics; the Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) program of Los Alamos National Laboratory; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACyT), México, grants 271051, 232656, 260378, 179588, 254964, 258865, 243290, 132197, A1-S-46288, A1-S-22784, cátedras 873, 1563, 341, 323, Red HAWC, México; DGAPA-UNAM grants IG101320, IN111315, IN111716-3, IN111419, IA102019, IN110621; VIEP-BUAP; PIFI 2012, 2013, PROFOCIE 2014, 2015; the University of Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation; the Institute of Geophysics, Planetary Physics, and Signatures at Los Alamos National Laboratory; Polish Science Centre grant, DEC-2017/27/B/ ST9/02272; Coordinación de la Investigación Científica de la Universidad Michoacana; Royal Society—Newton Advanced Fellowship 180385; Generalitat Valenciana, grant CIDEGENT/2018/034; Chulalongkorn University’s CUniverse (CUAASC) grant. Thanks to Scott Delay, Luciano Díaz and Eduardo Murrieta for technical support. Publisher Copyright: © 2021. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.

PY - 2021/4/20

Y1 - 2021/4/20

N2 - The MGRO J2019+37 region is one of the brightest sources in the sky at TeV energies. It was detected in the second HAWC catalog as 2HWC J2019+367 and here we present a detailed study of this region using data from HAWC. This analysis resolves the region into two sources: HAWC J2019+368 and HAWC J2016+371. We associate HAWC J2016+371 with the evolved supernova remnant CTB 87, although its low significance in this analysis prevents a detailed study at this time. An investigation of the morphology (including possible energy-dependent morphology) and spectrum for HAWC J2019+368 is the focus of this work. We associate HAWC J2019+368 with PSR J2021+3651 and its X-ray pulsar wind nebula, the Dragonfly nebula. Modeling the spectrum measured by HAWC and Suzaku reveals a ∼7 kyr pulsar and nebula system producing the observed emission at X-ray and γ-ray energies.

AB - The MGRO J2019+37 region is one of the brightest sources in the sky at TeV energies. It was detected in the second HAWC catalog as 2HWC J2019+367 and here we present a detailed study of this region using data from HAWC. This analysis resolves the region into two sources: HAWC J2019+368 and HAWC J2016+371. We associate HAWC J2016+371 with the evolved supernova remnant CTB 87, although its low significance in this analysis prevents a detailed study at this time. An investigation of the morphology (including possible energy-dependent morphology) and spectrum for HAWC J2019+368 is the focus of this work. We associate HAWC J2019+368 with PSR J2021+3651 and its X-ray pulsar wind nebula, the Dragonfly nebula. Modeling the spectrum measured by HAWC and Suzaku reveals a ∼7 kyr pulsar and nebula system producing the observed emission at X-ray and γ-ray energies.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85105504031&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85105504031&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.3847/1538-4357/abecda

DO - 10.3847/1538-4357/abecda

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85105504031

SN - 0004-637X

VL - 911

JO - Astrophysical Journal

JF - Astrophysical Journal

IS - 2

M1 - 143

ER -

Spectrum and morphology of the very-high-energy source HAWC J2019+368

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