@article{206462e6fe004ccfab15e9e348aaa8df,
title = "Spontaneous and field-induced crystallographic reorientation of metal electrodeposits at battery anodes",
abstract = "The propensity of metal anodes of contemporary interest (e.g., Li, Al, Na, and Zn) to form non-planar, dendritic morphologies during battery charging is a fundamental barrier to achievement of full reversibility. We experimentally investigate the origins of dendritic electrodeposition of Zn, Cu, and Li in a three-electrode electrochemical cell bounded at one end by a rotating disc electrode. We find that the classical picture of ion depletion-induced growth of dendrites is valid in dilute electrolytes but is essentially irrelevant in the concentrated (≥1 M) electrolytes typically used in rechargeable batteries. Using Zn as an example, we find that ion depletion at the mass transport limit may be overcome by spontaneous reorientation of Zn crystallites from orientations parallel to the electrode surface to dominantly homeotropic orientations, which appear to facilitate contact with cations outside the depletion layer. This chemotaxis-like process causes obvious texturing and increases the porosity of metal electrodeposits.",
author = "Jingxu Zheng and Jiefu Yin and Duhan Zhang and Gaojin Li and Bock, {David C.} and Tian Tang and Qing Zhao and Xiaotun Liu and Alexander Warren and Yue Deng and Shuo Jin and Marschilok, {Amy C.} and Takeuchi, {Esther S.} and Takeuchi, {Kenneth J.} and Rahn, {Christopher D.} and Archer, {Lynden A.}",
note = "Funding Information: We thank Z. Zheng, L. Luo, R. Luo, M. Pfeifer, and X. Ren for valuable discussions. This work was supported as part of the Center for Mesoscale Transport Properties, an Energy Frontier Research Center supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences, under award no. DE-SC0012673. D.Z., G.L., and L.A.A. also acknowledge support from the Department of Energy, Basic Energy Science: Synthesis and Processing Science program, through award no. DE-SC0016082. This work made use of the Cornell Center for Materials Research Shared Facilities, which are supported through the NSF MRSEC program (DMR-1719875). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC).",
year = "2020",
month = jun,
doi = "10.1126/sciadv.abb1122",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "6",
journal = "Science Advances",
issn = "2375-2548",
publisher = "American Association for the Advancement of Science",
number = "25",
}