Spontaneous transient lateral thoracic lung herniation resulting in systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and subsequent contralateral lung injury

Lung herniation is a relatively rare clinical entity that is most commonly either congenital or acquired traumatically. We describe a case of spontaneous lung herniation secondary to acute cough in an obese male smoker complicated by contralateral acute lung injury and systemic infammatory response syndrome (SIRS). Mechanisms of lung herniation, classifcation, diagnosis, and management will be discussed.