Star formation shut down by multiphase gas outflow in a galaxy at a redshift of 2.45

Sirio Belli, Minjung Park, Rebecca L. Davies, J. Trevor Mendel, Benjamin D. Johnson, Charlie Conroy, Chloë Benton, Letizia Bugiani, Razieh Emami, Joel Leja, Yijia Li, Gabriel Maheson, Elijah P. Mathews, Rohan P. Naidu, Erica J. Nelson, Sandro Tacchella, Bryan A. Terrazas, Rainer Weinberger

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

14 Scopus citations

Abstract

Large-scale outflows driven by supermassive black holes are thought to have a fundamental role in suppressing star formation in massive galaxies. However, direct observational evidence for this hypothesis is still lacking, particularly in the young universe where star-formation quenching is remarkably rapid1–3, thus requiring effective removal of gas4 as opposed to slow gas heating5,6. Although outflows of ionized gas are frequently detected in massive distant galaxies7, the amount of ejected mass is too small to be able to suppress star formation8,9. Gas ejection is expected to be more efficient in the neutral and molecular phases10, but at high redshift these have only been observed in starbursts and quasars11,12. Here we report JWST spectroscopy of a massive galaxy experiencing rapid quenching at a redshift of 2.445. We detect a weak outflow of ionized gas and a powerful outflow of neutral gas, with a mass outflow rate that is sufficient to quench the star formation. Neither X-ray nor radio activity is detected; however, the presence of a supermassive black hole is suggested by the properties of the ionized gas emission lines. We thus conclude that supermassive black holes are able to rapidly suppress star formation in massive galaxies by efficiently ejecting neutral gas.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)54-58
Number of pages5
JournalNature
Volume630
Issue number8015
DOIs
StatePublished - Jun 6 2024

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

  • General

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