Supernova limits on the cosmic equation of state

Peter M. Garnavich; Saurabh Jha; Peter Challis; Alejandro Clocchiatti; Alan Diercks; Alexei V. Filippenko; Ron L. Gilliland; Craig J. Hogan; Robert P. Kirshner; Bruno Leibundgut; M. M. Phillips; David Reiss; Adam G. Riess; Brian P. Schmidt; Robert A. Schummer; R. Chris Smith; Jason Spyromilio; Chris Stubbs; Nicholas B. Suntzeff; John Tonry; Sean M. Carroll

doi:10.1086/306495

Supernova limits on the cosmic equation of state

Peter M. Garnavich, Saurabh Jha, Peter Challis, Alejandro Clocchiatti, Alan Diercks, Alexei V. Filippenko, Ron L. Gilliland, Craig J. Hogan, Robert P. Kirshner, Bruno Leibundgut, M. M. Phillips, David Reiss, Adam G. Riess, Brian P. Schmidt, Robert A. Schummer, R. Chris Smith, Jason Spyromilio, Chris Stubbs, Nicholas B. Suntzeff, John TonrySean M. Carroll

Astronomy & Astrophysics

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Abstract

We use Type la supernovae studied by the High-z Supernova Search Team to constrain the properties of an energy component that may have contributed to accelerating the cosmic expansion. We find that for a flat geometry the equation-of-state parameter for the unknown component, α_x = P_x/ρ_x, must be less than -0.55 (95% confidence) for any value of Ω_m, and it is further limited to α_x < -0.60 (95% confidence) if Ω_m is assumed to be greater than 0.1. These values are inconsistent with the unknown component being topological defects such as domain walls, strings, or textures. The supernova (SN) data are consistent with a cosmological constant (α_x = -1) or a scalar field that has had, on average, an equation-of-state parameter similar to the cosmological constant value of -1 over the redshift range of z ≈1 to the present. SN and cosmic microwave background observations give complementary constraints on the densities of matter and the unknown component. If only matter and vacuum energy are considered, then the current combined data sets provide direct evidence for a spatially flat universe with Ω_iot = Ω_m + Ω_Δ = 0.94 ± 0.26 (1 σ).

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	74-79
Number of pages	6
Journal	Astrophysical Journal
Volume	509
Issue number	1 PART I
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1086/306495
State	Published - 1998

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Astronomy and Astrophysics
Space and Planetary Science

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10.1086/306495

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Garnavich, P. M., Jha, S., Challis, P., Clocchiatti, A., Diercks, A., Filippenko, A. V., Gilliland, R. L., Hogan, C. J., Kirshner, R. P., Leibundgut, B., Phillips, M. M., Reiss, D., Riess, A. G., Schmidt, B. P., Schummer, R. A., Chris Smith, R., Spyromilio, J., Stubbs, C., Suntzeff, N. B., ... Carroll, S. M. (1998). Supernova limits on the cosmic equation of state. Astrophysical Journal, 509(1 PART I), 74-79. https://doi.org/10.1086/306495

@article{e5e53937317c4093917ba41b1411927c,

title = "Supernova limits on the cosmic equation of state",

abstract = "We use Type la supernovae studied by the High-z Supernova Search Team to constrain the properties of an energy component that may have contributed to accelerating the cosmic expansion. We find that for a flat geometry the equation-of-state parameter for the unknown component, αx = Px/ρx, must be less than -0.55 (95% confidence) for any value of Ωm, and it is further limited to αx < -0.60 (95% confidence) if Ωm is assumed to be greater than 0.1. These values are inconsistent with the unknown component being topological defects such as domain walls, strings, or textures. The supernova (SN) data are consistent with a cosmological constant (αx = -1) or a scalar field that has had, on average, an equation-of-state parameter similar to the cosmological constant value of -1 over the redshift range of z ≈1 to the present. SN and cosmic microwave background observations give complementary constraints on the densities of matter and the unknown component. If only matter and vacuum energy are considered, then the current combined data sets provide direct evidence for a spatially flat universe with Ωiot = Ωm + ΩΔ = 0.94 ± 0.26 (1 σ).",

author = "Garnavich, {Peter M.} and Saurabh Jha and Peter Challis and Alejandro Clocchiatti and Alan Diercks and Filippenko, {Alexei V.} and Gilliland, {Ron L.} and Hogan, {Craig J.} and Kirshner, {Robert P.} and Bruno Leibundgut and Phillips, {M. M.} and David Reiss and Riess, {Adam G.} and Schmidt, {Brian P.} and Schummer, {Robert A.} and {Chris Smith}, R. and Jason Spyromilio and Chris Stubbs and Suntzeff, {Nicholas B.} and John Tonry and Carroll, {Sean M.}",

year = "1998",

doi = "10.1086/306495",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "509",

pages = "74--79",

journal = "Astrophysical Journal",

issn = "0004-637X",

publisher = "American Astronomical Society",

number = "1 PART I",

}

Garnavich, PM, Jha, S, Challis, P, Clocchiatti, A, Diercks, A, Filippenko, AV, Gilliland, RL, Hogan, CJ, Kirshner, RP, Leibundgut, B, Phillips, MM, Reiss, D, Riess, AG, Schmidt, BP, Schummer, RA, Chris Smith, R, Spyromilio, J, Stubbs, C, Suntzeff, NB, Tonry, J & Carroll, SM 1998, 'Supernova limits on the cosmic equation of state', Astrophysical Journal, vol. 509, no. 1 PART I, pp. 74-79. https://doi.org/10.1086/306495

TY - JOUR

T1 - Supernova limits on the cosmic equation of state

AU - Garnavich, Peter M.

AU - Jha, Saurabh

AU - Challis, Peter

AU - Clocchiatti, Alejandro

AU - Diercks, Alan

AU - Filippenko, Alexei V.

AU - Gilliland, Ron L.

AU - Hogan, Craig J.

AU - Kirshner, Robert P.

AU - Leibundgut, Bruno

AU - Phillips, M. M.

AU - Reiss, David

AU - Riess, Adam G.

AU - Schmidt, Brian P.

AU - Schummer, Robert A.

AU - Chris Smith, R.

AU - Spyromilio, Jason

AU - Stubbs, Chris

AU - Suntzeff, Nicholas B.

AU - Tonry, John

AU - Carroll, Sean M.

PY - 1998

Y1 - 1998

N2 - We use Type la supernovae studied by the High-z Supernova Search Team to constrain the properties of an energy component that may have contributed to accelerating the cosmic expansion. We find that for a flat geometry the equation-of-state parameter for the unknown component, αx = Px/ρx, must be less than -0.55 (95% confidence) for any value of Ωm, and it is further limited to αx < -0.60 (95% confidence) if Ωm is assumed to be greater than 0.1. These values are inconsistent with the unknown component being topological defects such as domain walls, strings, or textures. The supernova (SN) data are consistent with a cosmological constant (αx = -1) or a scalar field that has had, on average, an equation-of-state parameter similar to the cosmological constant value of -1 over the redshift range of z ≈1 to the present. SN and cosmic microwave background observations give complementary constraints on the densities of matter and the unknown component. If only matter and vacuum energy are considered, then the current combined data sets provide direct evidence for a spatially flat universe with Ωiot = Ωm + ΩΔ = 0.94 ± 0.26 (1 σ).

AB - We use Type la supernovae studied by the High-z Supernova Search Team to constrain the properties of an energy component that may have contributed to accelerating the cosmic expansion. We find that for a flat geometry the equation-of-state parameter for the unknown component, αx = Px/ρx, must be less than -0.55 (95% confidence) for any value of Ωm, and it is further limited to αx < -0.60 (95% confidence) if Ωm is assumed to be greater than 0.1. These values are inconsistent with the unknown component being topological defects such as domain walls, strings, or textures. The supernova (SN) data are consistent with a cosmological constant (αx = -1) or a scalar field that has had, on average, an equation-of-state parameter similar to the cosmological constant value of -1 over the redshift range of z ≈1 to the present. SN and cosmic microwave background observations give complementary constraints on the densities of matter and the unknown component. If only matter and vacuum energy are considered, then the current combined data sets provide direct evidence for a spatially flat universe with Ωiot = Ωm + ΩΔ = 0.94 ± 0.26 (1 σ).

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U2 - 10.1086/306495

DO - 10.1086/306495

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:22444452822

SN - 0004-637X

VL - 509

SP - 74

EP - 79

JO - Astrophysical Journal

JF - Astrophysical Journal

IS - 1 PART I

ER -

Supernova limits on the cosmic equation of state

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