Surface polar states and pyroelectricity in ferroelastics induced by flexo-roto field

A. N. Morozovska; E. A. Eliseev; S. V. Kalinin; Long Qing Chen; Venkatraman Gopalan

doi:10.1063/1.3701152

Surface polar states and pyroelectricity in ferroelastics induced by flexo-roto field

A. N. Morozovska, E. A. Eliseev, S. V. Kalinin, Long Qing Chen, Venkatraman Gopalan

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37 Scopus citations

Abstract

Theoretical analysis based on the Landau-Ginzburg-Devonshire theory is used to show that the joint action of flexoelectric effect and rotostriction leads to a large spontaneous in-plane polarization (∼1-5 C/cm ²) and pyroelectric coefficient (∼10 ^-3 C/m ²K) in the vicinity of surfaces of otherwise non-ferroelectric ferroelastics, such as SrTiO ₃, with static octahedral rotations. The origin of the improper polarization and pyroelectricity is an electric field we name flexo-roto field whose strength is proportional to the convolution of the flexoelectric and rotostriction tensors with octahedral tilts and their gradients. Flexo-roto field should exist at surfaces and interfaces in all structures with static octahedral rotations, and thus, it can induce surface polar states and pyroelectricity in a large class of otherwise nonpolar materials.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	142902
Journal	Applied Physics Letters
Volume	100
Issue number	14
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3701152
State	Published - Apr 2 2012

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)

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10.1063/1.3701152

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title = "Surface polar states and pyroelectricity in ferroelastics induced by flexo-roto field",

abstract = "Theoretical analysis based on the Landau-Ginzburg-Devonshire theory is used to show that the joint action of flexoelectric effect and rotostriction leads to a large spontaneous in-plane polarization (∼1-5 C/cm 2) and pyroelectric coefficient (∼10 -3 C/m 2K) in the vicinity of surfaces of otherwise non-ferroelectric ferroelastics, such as SrTiO 3, with static octahedral rotations. The origin of the improper polarization and pyroelectricity is an electric field we name flexo-roto field whose strength is proportional to the convolution of the flexoelectric and rotostriction tensors with octahedral tilts and their gradients. Flexo-roto field should exist at surfaces and interfaces in all structures with static octahedral rotations, and thus, it can induce surface polar states and pyroelectricity in a large class of otherwise nonpolar materials.",

author = "Morozovska, {A. N.} and Eliseev, {E. A.} and Kalinin, {S. V.} and Chen, {Long Qing} and Venkatraman Gopalan",

note = "Funding Information: Authors gratefully acknowledge multiple discussions with S.L. Bravina (NASU) and Zheng Gai (ORNL). A.N.M. and G.S.S. acknowledges the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine for support. Research supported (SVK) by the U.S. Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division. V.G. and L.Q.C. would like to acknowledge funding from the National Science Foundation Grant Nos. DMR-0908718 and DMR-0820404.",

year = "2012",

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doi = "10.1063/1.3701152",

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T1 - Surface polar states and pyroelectricity in ferroelastics induced by flexo-roto field

AU - Morozovska, A. N.

AU - Eliseev, E. A.

AU - Kalinin, S. V.

AU - Chen, Long Qing

AU - Gopalan, Venkatraman

N1 - Funding Information: Authors gratefully acknowledge multiple discussions with S.L. Bravina (NASU) and Zheng Gai (ORNL). A.N.M. and G.S.S. acknowledges the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine for support. Research supported (SVK) by the U.S. Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division. V.G. and L.Q.C. would like to acknowledge funding from the National Science Foundation Grant Nos. DMR-0908718 and DMR-0820404.

PY - 2012/4/2

Y1 - 2012/4/2

N2 - Theoretical analysis based on the Landau-Ginzburg-Devonshire theory is used to show that the joint action of flexoelectric effect and rotostriction leads to a large spontaneous in-plane polarization (∼1-5 C/cm 2) and pyroelectric coefficient (∼10 -3 C/m 2K) in the vicinity of surfaces of otherwise non-ferroelectric ferroelastics, such as SrTiO 3, with static octahedral rotations. The origin of the improper polarization and pyroelectricity is an electric field we name flexo-roto field whose strength is proportional to the convolution of the flexoelectric and rotostriction tensors with octahedral tilts and their gradients. Flexo-roto field should exist at surfaces and interfaces in all structures with static octahedral rotations, and thus, it can induce surface polar states and pyroelectricity in a large class of otherwise nonpolar materials.

AB - Theoretical analysis based on the Landau-Ginzburg-Devonshire theory is used to show that the joint action of flexoelectric effect and rotostriction leads to a large spontaneous in-plane polarization (∼1-5 C/cm 2) and pyroelectric coefficient (∼10 -3 C/m 2K) in the vicinity of surfaces of otherwise non-ferroelectric ferroelastics, such as SrTiO 3, with static octahedral rotations. The origin of the improper polarization and pyroelectricity is an electric field we name flexo-roto field whose strength is proportional to the convolution of the flexoelectric and rotostriction tensors with octahedral tilts and their gradients. Flexo-roto field should exist at surfaces and interfaces in all structures with static octahedral rotations, and thus, it can induce surface polar states and pyroelectricity in a large class of otherwise nonpolar materials.

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Surface polar states and pyroelectricity in ferroelastics induced by flexo-roto field

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