TY - JOUR
T1 - Surveying galaxy proto-clusters in emission
T2 - A large-scale structure at z = 2.44 and the outlook for HETDEX
AU - Chiang, Yi Kuan
AU - Overzier, Roderik A.
AU - Gebhardt, Karl
AU - Finkelstein, Steven L.
AU - Chiang, Chi Ting
AU - Hill, Gary J.
AU - Blanc, Guillermo A.
AU - Drory, Niv
AU - Chonis, Taylor S.
AU - Zeimann, Gregory R.
AU - Hagen, Alex
AU - Schneider, Donald P.
AU - Jogee, Shardha
AU - Ciardullo, Robin
AU - Gronwall, Caryl
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2015. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.
PY - 2015/7/20
Y1 - 2015/7/20
N2 - Galaxy proto-clusters at z ≳ 2 provide a direct probe of the rapid mass assembly and galaxy growth of present-day massive clusters. Because of the need for precise galaxy redshifts for density mapping and the prevalence of star formation before quenching, nearly all the proto-clusters known to date were confirmed by spectroscopy of galaxies with strong emission lines. Therefore, large emission-line galaxy surveys provide an efficient way to identify proto-clusters directly. Here we report the discovery of a large-scale structure at z = 2.44 in the Hobby Eberly Telescope Dark Energy Experiment (HETDEX) Pilot Survey. On a scale of a few tens of Mpc comoving, this structure shows a complex overdensity of Lyα emitters (LAE), which coincides with broadband selected galaxies in the COSMOS/UltraVISTA photometric and zCOSMOS spectroscopic catalogs, as well as overdensities of intergalactic gas revealed in the Lyα absorption maps of Lee et al. We construct mock LAE catalogs to predict the cosmic evolution of this structure. We find that such an overdensity should have already broken away from the Hubble flow, and part of the structure will collapse to form a galaxy cluster with 1014.5±0.4 MO. by z = 0. The structure contains a higher median stellar mass of broadband selected galaxies, a boost of extended Lyα nebulae, and a marginal excess of active galactic nuclei relative to the field, supporting a scenario of accelerated galaxy evolution in cluster progenitors. Based on the correlation between galaxy overdensity and the z = 0 descendant halo mass calibrated in the simulation, we predict that several hundred 1.9 < z < 3.5 proto-clusters with z = 0 mass of >1014.5 MO. will be discovered in the 8.5 Gpc3 of space surveyed by the HETDEX.
AB - Galaxy proto-clusters at z ≳ 2 provide a direct probe of the rapid mass assembly and galaxy growth of present-day massive clusters. Because of the need for precise galaxy redshifts for density mapping and the prevalence of star formation before quenching, nearly all the proto-clusters known to date were confirmed by spectroscopy of galaxies with strong emission lines. Therefore, large emission-line galaxy surveys provide an efficient way to identify proto-clusters directly. Here we report the discovery of a large-scale structure at z = 2.44 in the Hobby Eberly Telescope Dark Energy Experiment (HETDEX) Pilot Survey. On a scale of a few tens of Mpc comoving, this structure shows a complex overdensity of Lyα emitters (LAE), which coincides with broadband selected galaxies in the COSMOS/UltraVISTA photometric and zCOSMOS spectroscopic catalogs, as well as overdensities of intergalactic gas revealed in the Lyα absorption maps of Lee et al. We construct mock LAE catalogs to predict the cosmic evolution of this structure. We find that such an overdensity should have already broken away from the Hubble flow, and part of the structure will collapse to form a galaxy cluster with 1014.5±0.4 MO. by z = 0. The structure contains a higher median stellar mass of broadband selected galaxies, a boost of extended Lyα nebulae, and a marginal excess of active galactic nuclei relative to the field, supporting a scenario of accelerated galaxy evolution in cluster progenitors. Based on the correlation between galaxy overdensity and the z = 0 descendant halo mass calibrated in the simulation, we predict that several hundred 1.9 < z < 3.5 proto-clusters with z = 0 mass of >1014.5 MO. will be discovered in the 8.5 Gpc3 of space surveyed by the HETDEX.
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U2 - 10.1088/0004-637X/808/1/37
DO - 10.1088/0004-637X/808/1/37
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84940378876
SN - 0004-637X
VL - 808
JO - Astrophysical Journal
JF - Astrophysical Journal
IS - 1
M1 - 37
ER -