Task-Based Variability in Children's Singing Accuracy

The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of task demands on children's singing accuracy. A 2 × 4 factorial design was used to examine the performance of fourth-grade children (N = 120) in solo and doubled response conditions. Each child sang four task types: single pitch, interval, pattern, and the song "Jingle Bells." The results indicated that children's singing accuracy varied by task type, with poorer performance on patterns and songs than on single pitches and intervals. Performance was significantly better for all tasks in the doubled condition than in the solo condition, and a significant interaction indicated task-based performance varied by response mode. Students who indicated some history of private lessons (n = 54) performed significantly better than those without. Internal reliability using five test items for each type of singing task was satisfactory. Application of the Spearman-Brown formula suggests that a minimum of three items can be included in each task in future research for a reliability coefficient of.75, and four items for a coefficient greater than.80. Performance on these singing tasks was significantly intercorrelated.