Abstract
Maxillary-mandibular fixation (MMF) methods are important in the surgical management of the lower facial skeleton. Various techniques have been described to fixate these bones during treatment of facial trauma, reconstruction, and orthognathic surgery. The utilization and technique of placement for Erich arch bars, Ivy loops, Ernst ligatures, and fixation screws are reviewed.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 117-122 |
| Number of pages | 6 |
| Journal | Operative Techniques in Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery |
| Volume | 19 |
| Issue number | 2 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Jun 2008 |
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- Surgery
- Otorhinolaryngology
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