TY - JOUR
T1 - Terahertz Dirac Hyperbolic Metamaterial
AU - Wang, Zhengtianye
AU - Nasir, Saadia
AU - Bharadwaj, Sathwik
AU - Liu, Yongchen
AU - Mambakkam, Sivakumar Vishnuvardhan
AU - Yu, Mingyu
AU - Law, Stephanie
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 American Chemical Society.
PY - 2024
Y1 - 2024
N2 - Hyperbolic metamaterials (HMMs) are engineered materials with a hyperbolic isofrequency surface, enabling a range of interesting phenomena and applications including negative refraction, enhanced sensing, and subdiffraction imaging, focusing, and waveguiding. Existing HMMs primarily work in the visible and infrared spectral range due to the inherent properties of their constituent materials. Here, we demonstrate a THz-range Dirac HMM using topological insulators as the building blocks. We find that the structure houses up to three high-wavevector volume plasmon polariton (VPP) modes, consistent with transfer matrix modeling and effective medium theory calculations. The VPPs have mode indices greater than 100, significantly larger than observed for VPP modes in HMMs made from metals or doped semiconductors while maintaining comparable quality factors. We attribute these properties to the two-dimensional Dirac nature of the electrons occupying the topological insulator surface states. Because these are van der Waals materials, these structures can be grown at a wafer-scale on a variety of substrates, allowing them to be integrated with existing THz structures and enabling next-generation THz optical devices.
AB - Hyperbolic metamaterials (HMMs) are engineered materials with a hyperbolic isofrequency surface, enabling a range of interesting phenomena and applications including negative refraction, enhanced sensing, and subdiffraction imaging, focusing, and waveguiding. Existing HMMs primarily work in the visible and infrared spectral range due to the inherent properties of their constituent materials. Here, we demonstrate a THz-range Dirac HMM using topological insulators as the building blocks. We find that the structure houses up to three high-wavevector volume plasmon polariton (VPP) modes, consistent with transfer matrix modeling and effective medium theory calculations. The VPPs have mode indices greater than 100, significantly larger than observed for VPP modes in HMMs made from metals or doped semiconductors while maintaining comparable quality factors. We attribute these properties to the two-dimensional Dirac nature of the electrons occupying the topological insulator surface states. Because these are van der Waals materials, these structures can be grown at a wafer-scale on a variety of substrates, allowing them to be integrated with existing THz structures and enabling next-generation THz optical devices.
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U2 - 10.1021/acsphotonics.4c01004
DO - 10.1021/acsphotonics.4c01004
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85205671502
SN - 2330-4022
JO - ACS Photonics
JF - ACS Photonics
ER -