The Chandra deep field-north survey. VII. X-ray emission from Lyman break galaxies

W. N. Brandt; A. E. Hornschemeier; D. P. Schneider; D. M. Alexander; F. E. Bauer; G. P. Garmire; C. Vignali

doi:10.1086/323570

The Chandra deep field-north survey. VII. X-ray emission from Lyman break galaxies

W. N. Brandt, A. E. Hornschemeier, D. P. Schneider, D. M. Alexander, F. E. Bauer, G. P. Garmire, C. Vignali

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Abstract

We present results from stacking analyses, using the 1 Ms Chandra Deep Field-North data, that constrain the X-ray emission of Lyman break galaxies at z ≈ 2-4. Stacking the counts from 24 individually undetected Lyman break galaxies located within the Hubble Deep Field-North, we have obtained average detections of these objects in the resulting 0.5-8.0 and 0.5-2.0 keV images; these images have effective exposure times of 22.4 Ms (260 days). Monte Carlo testing empirically shows the detections to be highly significant. The average rest-frame 2-8 keV luminosity of a Lyman break galaxy is derived to be ≈3.2 × 10⁴¹ ergs s^-1, comparable to that of the most X-ray luminous starbursts in the local universe. The observed ratio of X-ray to B-band luminosity is somewhat, but not greatly, higher than that seen from local starbursts. The X-ray emission probably arises from a combination of high-mass X-ray binaries, "super-Eddington" X-ray sources, and low-luminosity active galactic nuclei.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	L5-L9
Journal	Astrophysical Journal
Volume	558
Issue number	1 PART 2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1086/323570
State	Published - Sep 1 2001

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Astronomy and Astrophysics
Space and Planetary Science

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10.1086/323570

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@article{bf21ab7309fe455aba12cbaf88a6bcc0,

title = "The Chandra deep field-north survey. VII. X-ray emission from Lyman break galaxies",

abstract = "We present results from stacking analyses, using the 1 Ms Chandra Deep Field-North data, that constrain the X-ray emission of Lyman break galaxies at z ≈ 2-4. Stacking the counts from 24 individually undetected Lyman break galaxies located within the Hubble Deep Field-North, we have obtained average detections of these objects in the resulting 0.5-8.0 and 0.5-2.0 keV images; these images have effective exposure times of 22.4 Ms (260 days). Monte Carlo testing empirically shows the detections to be highly significant. The average rest-frame 2-8 keV luminosity of a Lyman break galaxy is derived to be ≈3.2 × 1041 ergs s-1, comparable to that of the most X-ray luminous starbursts in the local universe. The observed ratio of X-ray to B-band luminosity is somewhat, but not greatly, higher than that seen from local starbursts. The X-ray emission probably arises from a combination of high-mass X-ray binaries, {"}super-Eddington{"} X-ray sources, and low-luminosity active galactic nuclei.",

author = "Brandt, {W. N.} and Hornschemeier, {A. E.} and Schneider, {D. P.} and Alexander, {D. M.} and Bauer, {F. E.} and Garmire, {G. P.} and C. Vignali",

note = "Funding Information: This work would not have been possible without the enormous efforts of the entire Chandra and ACIS teams. We thank O. Almaini, A. C. Fabian, E. C. Moran, A. Ptak, A. E. Shapley, and an anonymous referee for helpful discussions. We gratefully acknowledge the financial support of NASA grant NAS8-38252 (G. P. G.: PI), NSF CAREER award AST 99-83783 (W. N. B., D. M. A., F. E. B.), NASA GSRP grant NGT5-50247, and the Pennsylvania Space Grant Consortium (A. E. H.), NSF grant AST 99-00703 (D. P. S.), and NASA LTSA grant NAG5-8107 (C. V.).",

year = "2001",

month = sep,

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doi = "10.1086/323570",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "558",

pages = "L5--L9",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - The Chandra deep field-north survey. VII. X-ray emission from Lyman break galaxies

AU - Brandt, W. N.

AU - Hornschemeier, A. E.

AU - Schneider, D. P.

AU - Alexander, D. M.

AU - Bauer, F. E.

AU - Garmire, G. P.

AU - Vignali, C.

N1 - Funding Information: This work would not have been possible without the enormous efforts of the entire Chandra and ACIS teams. We thank O. Almaini, A. C. Fabian, E. C. Moran, A. Ptak, A. E. Shapley, and an anonymous referee for helpful discussions. We gratefully acknowledge the financial support of NASA grant NAS8-38252 (G. P. G.: PI), NSF CAREER award AST 99-83783 (W. N. B., D. M. A., F. E. B.), NASA GSRP grant NGT5-50247, and the Pennsylvania Space Grant Consortium (A. E. H.), NSF grant AST 99-00703 (D. P. S.), and NASA LTSA grant NAG5-8107 (C. V.).

PY - 2001/9/1

Y1 - 2001/9/1

N2 - We present results from stacking analyses, using the 1 Ms Chandra Deep Field-North data, that constrain the X-ray emission of Lyman break galaxies at z ≈ 2-4. Stacking the counts from 24 individually undetected Lyman break galaxies located within the Hubble Deep Field-North, we have obtained average detections of these objects in the resulting 0.5-8.0 and 0.5-2.0 keV images; these images have effective exposure times of 22.4 Ms (260 days). Monte Carlo testing empirically shows the detections to be highly significant. The average rest-frame 2-8 keV luminosity of a Lyman break galaxy is derived to be ≈3.2 × 1041 ergs s-1, comparable to that of the most X-ray luminous starbursts in the local universe. The observed ratio of X-ray to B-band luminosity is somewhat, but not greatly, higher than that seen from local starbursts. The X-ray emission probably arises from a combination of high-mass X-ray binaries, "super-Eddington" X-ray sources, and low-luminosity active galactic nuclei.

AB - We present results from stacking analyses, using the 1 Ms Chandra Deep Field-North data, that constrain the X-ray emission of Lyman break galaxies at z ≈ 2-4. Stacking the counts from 24 individually undetected Lyman break galaxies located within the Hubble Deep Field-North, we have obtained average detections of these objects in the resulting 0.5-8.0 and 0.5-2.0 keV images; these images have effective exposure times of 22.4 Ms (260 days). Monte Carlo testing empirically shows the detections to be highly significant. The average rest-frame 2-8 keV luminosity of a Lyman break galaxy is derived to be ≈3.2 × 1041 ergs s-1, comparable to that of the most X-ray luminous starbursts in the local universe. The observed ratio of X-ray to B-band luminosity is somewhat, but not greatly, higher than that seen from local starbursts. The X-ray emission probably arises from a combination of high-mass X-ray binaries, "super-Eddington" X-ray sources, and low-luminosity active galactic nuclei.

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DO - 10.1086/323570

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JO - Astrophysical Journal

JF - Astrophysical Journal

IS - 1 PART 2

ER -

The Chandra deep field-north survey. VII. X-ray emission from Lyman break galaxies

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