The contingent effects of gender on performance and turnover: A meta-analytic review

Using data from 95,753 individuals across 70 studies, a meta-analysis was conducted to investigate gender differences in task performance, contextual performance, creative performance, and turnover. We also examined the moderating effects of job characteristics, i.e., job sex typing and job complexity, and individual tenure on gender differences in task performance, contextual performance, creative performance, and turnover. Results suggest that men receive higher supervisory ratings than women. However, women outperformed men in terms of contextual performance and creative performance. Job complexity, sex typing of the job, and individual tenure emerged as significant moderators.