The default network

The neuroscience of creativity has begun to shed light on the complex interplay of brain regions and networks supporting creative thought. One network that appears to play a central role in many creative domains is the so-called default network. The default network is an interconnected set of cortical midline and posterior inferior parietal regions that supports many aspects of human cognition, from mind-wandering to memory retrieval to future simulation. After briefly describing the serendipitous discovery of the default network, we address its potential contributions to creative cognition, with a focus on episodic memory and simulation. We also highlight some benefits and costs of memory retrieval for creative thought, noting that although memory provides a database of concepts that can be combined to solve creative problems, it can also constrain the search for novelty by bringing to mind what is already known. These memory-based processes can be guided and directed through the default network’s interaction with other brain networks associated with cognitive control. The dynamic interplay between default and control networks may reflect a neural mechanism underlying diverse creative pursuits, from the performing arts to everyday problem solving.