The effect of imidazole on the enhancement of gadolinium-porphyrin phosphorescence at room temperature

Lixin Zang; Huimin Zhao; Jianyu Hua; Feng Qin; Yangdong Zheng; Zhiguo Zhang; Wenwu Cao

doi:10.1039/c6dt03197h

The effect of imidazole on the enhancement of gadolinium-porphyrin phosphorescence at room temperature

Lixin Zang, Huimin Zhao, Jianyu Hua, Feng Qin, Yangdong Zheng, Zhiguo Zhang, Wenwu Cao

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

7 Scopus citations

Abstract

A mechanism for the enhanced room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) of gadolinium-coordinated hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether (Gd-HMME) in the presence of imidazole and free gadolinium ions (Gd³⁺) is revealed. Imidazole, the molten solvent used in the synthesis of Gd-HMME, was effective in enhancing the Gd-HMME RTP. In the presence of imidazole, further enhancement of the Gd-HMME RTP was observed upon adding Gd³⁺. Overall, a 40-fold enhancement of Gd-HMME RTP intensity was achieved by adding both imidazole and Gd³⁺. In addition, there was an increase in the RTP lifetime. Through spectroscopic analysis, we deduced that a protective medium is formed by the imidazole and the degree of this protection is further increased by Gd³⁺. The protective medium enhances the Gd-HMME RTP by partially inhibiting energy transfer from the lowest triplet state of Gd-HMME to oxygen. This was demonstrated by the presence of lower levels of singlet oxygen in the Gd-HMME solution after the addition of imidazole. These results indicate that imidazole could have potential application as an RTP enhancer or triplet state protector.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	16889-16895
Number of pages	7
Journal	Dalton Transactions
Volume	45
Issue number	42
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1039/c6dt03197h
State	Published - 2016

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Inorganic Chemistry

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title = "The effect of imidazole on the enhancement of gadolinium-porphyrin phosphorescence at room temperature",

abstract = "A mechanism for the enhanced room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) of gadolinium-coordinated hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether (Gd-HMME) in the presence of imidazole and free gadolinium ions (Gd3+) is revealed. Imidazole, the molten solvent used in the synthesis of Gd-HMME, was effective in enhancing the Gd-HMME RTP. In the presence of imidazole, further enhancement of the Gd-HMME RTP was observed upon adding Gd3+. Overall, a 40-fold enhancement of Gd-HMME RTP intensity was achieved by adding both imidazole and Gd3+. In addition, there was an increase in the RTP lifetime. Through spectroscopic analysis, we deduced that a protective medium is formed by the imidazole and the degree of this protection is further increased by Gd3+. The protective medium enhances the Gd-HMME RTP by partially inhibiting energy transfer from the lowest triplet state of Gd-HMME to oxygen. This was demonstrated by the presence of lower levels of singlet oxygen in the Gd-HMME solution after the addition of imidazole. These results indicate that imidazole could have potential application as an RTP enhancer or triplet state protector.",

author = "Lixin Zang and Huimin Zhao and Jianyu Hua and Feng Qin and Yangdong Zheng and Zhiguo Zhang and Wenwu Cao",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2016 The Royal Society of Chemistry.",

year = "2016",

doi = "10.1039/c6dt03197h",

language = "English (US)",

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T1 - The effect of imidazole on the enhancement of gadolinium-porphyrin phosphorescence at room temperature

AU - Zang, Lixin

AU - Zhao, Huimin

AU - Hua, Jianyu

AU - Qin, Feng

AU - Zheng, Yangdong

AU - Zhang, Zhiguo

AU - Cao, Wenwu

PY - 2016

Y1 - 2016

N2 - A mechanism for the enhanced room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) of gadolinium-coordinated hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether (Gd-HMME) in the presence of imidazole and free gadolinium ions (Gd3+) is revealed. Imidazole, the molten solvent used in the synthesis of Gd-HMME, was effective in enhancing the Gd-HMME RTP. In the presence of imidazole, further enhancement of the Gd-HMME RTP was observed upon adding Gd3+. Overall, a 40-fold enhancement of Gd-HMME RTP intensity was achieved by adding both imidazole and Gd3+. In addition, there was an increase in the RTP lifetime. Through spectroscopic analysis, we deduced that a protective medium is formed by the imidazole and the degree of this protection is further increased by Gd3+. The protective medium enhances the Gd-HMME RTP by partially inhibiting energy transfer from the lowest triplet state of Gd-HMME to oxygen. This was demonstrated by the presence of lower levels of singlet oxygen in the Gd-HMME solution after the addition of imidazole. These results indicate that imidazole could have potential application as an RTP enhancer or triplet state protector.

AB - A mechanism for the enhanced room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) of gadolinium-coordinated hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether (Gd-HMME) in the presence of imidazole and free gadolinium ions (Gd3+) is revealed. Imidazole, the molten solvent used in the synthesis of Gd-HMME, was effective in enhancing the Gd-HMME RTP. In the presence of imidazole, further enhancement of the Gd-HMME RTP was observed upon adding Gd3+. Overall, a 40-fold enhancement of Gd-HMME RTP intensity was achieved by adding both imidazole and Gd3+. In addition, there was an increase in the RTP lifetime. Through spectroscopic analysis, we deduced that a protective medium is formed by the imidazole and the degree of this protection is further increased by Gd3+. The protective medium enhances the Gd-HMME RTP by partially inhibiting energy transfer from the lowest triplet state of Gd-HMME to oxygen. This was demonstrated by the presence of lower levels of singlet oxygen in the Gd-HMME solution after the addition of imidazole. These results indicate that imidazole could have potential application as an RTP enhancer or triplet state protector.

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The effect of imidazole on the enhancement of gadolinium-porphyrin phosphorescence at room temperature

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