TY - JOUR
T1 - The end adjusts the means
T2 - Heterochromatin remodelling during terminal cell differentiation
AU - Grigoryev, Sergei A.
AU - Bulynko, Yaroslava A.
AU - Popova, Evgenya Y.
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank L. Carrel for critical reading and valuable comments. We thank D. Tremethick for antibodies against H2A.Z used in chromosome painting. This project is funded, in part, by a grant Pennsylvania Department of Health.
Copyright:
Copyright 2008 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2006/2
Y1 - 2006/2
N2 - All cells that constitute mature tissues in an eukaryotic organism undergo a multistep process of cell differentiation. At the terminal stage of this process, cells either cease to proliferate forever or rest for a very long period of time. During terminal differentiation, most of the genes that are required for cell 'housekeeping' functions, such as proto-oncogenes and other cell-cycle and cell proliferation genes, become stably repressed. At the same time, nuclear chromatin undergoes dramatic morphological and structural changes at the higher-order levels of chromatin organization. These changes involve both constitutively inactive chromosomal regions (constitutive heterochromatin) and the formerly active genes that become silenced and structurally modified to form facultative heterochromatin. Here we approach terminal cell differentiation as a unique system that allows us to combine biochemical, ultrastructural and molecular genetic techniques to study the relationship between the hierarchy of chromatin higher-order structures in the nucleus and its function(s) in dynamic packing of genetic material in a form that remains amenable to regulation of gene activity and other DNA-dependent cellular processes.
AB - All cells that constitute mature tissues in an eukaryotic organism undergo a multistep process of cell differentiation. At the terminal stage of this process, cells either cease to proliferate forever or rest for a very long period of time. During terminal differentiation, most of the genes that are required for cell 'housekeeping' functions, such as proto-oncogenes and other cell-cycle and cell proliferation genes, become stably repressed. At the same time, nuclear chromatin undergoes dramatic morphological and structural changes at the higher-order levels of chromatin organization. These changes involve both constitutively inactive chromosomal regions (constitutive heterochromatin) and the formerly active genes that become silenced and structurally modified to form facultative heterochromatin. Here we approach terminal cell differentiation as a unique system that allows us to combine biochemical, ultrastructural and molecular genetic techniques to study the relationship between the hierarchy of chromatin higher-order structures in the nucleus and its function(s) in dynamic packing of genetic material in a form that remains amenable to regulation of gene activity and other DNA-dependent cellular processes.
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U2 - 10.1007/s10577-005-1021-6
DO - 10.1007/s10577-005-1021-6
M3 - Article
C2 - 16506096
AN - SCOPUS:33644631504
SN - 0967-3849
VL - 14
SP - 53
EP - 69
JO - Chromosome Research
JF - Chromosome Research
IS - 1
ER -