The fabrication and characterization of poly(lactic acid) scaffolds for tissue engineering by improved solid-liquid phase separation

In this article a new technique was developed to fabricate scaffolds with a unique microstructure by solid-liquid separation in combination with particulate-leaching. Firstly, the effects of polymer concentration, quenching temperature on the porous morphology and the mechanical property of obtained scaffolds during solid-liquid separation have been investigated. Then, salt granules as porogen were introduced into the solid-liquid phase separation to produce the unique pore structure of the scaffold. The pore diameter of the scaffold could be controlled with the particulate size and the wall of pores possessed special microstructure, which enhanced the pore interconnectivity. The cell culture results confirmed that a good interconnectivity of the scaffold prepared by the improved solid-liquid separation was useful for nutrition transportation and cell proliferation.