The odontoid process: a comprehensive review of its anatomy, embryology, and variations

Seleipiri Akobo, Elias Rizk, Marios Loukas, Jens R. Chapman, Rod J. Oskouian, R. Shane Tubbs

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

34 Scopus citations

Abstract

Background: The odontoid process is a critical component of the cranio-cervical junction. Therefore, clinicians who diagnose, treat, or operate this region need a strong background in regard to the embryology, anatomy, and anatomical variations that may be seen for the odontoid process. Methods: A literature review was performed, using standard search engines, to explore the morphology, embryology, and anatomical variants of the odontoid process. Conclusions: A sound understanding of the development of the odontoid process, both in normal and in variant forms, as well as its phenotypical morphology is a prerequisite for the diagnosis and treatment of patients presenting with disorders affecting the cranio-cervical spine.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)2025-2034
Number of pages10
JournalChild's Nervous System
Volume31
Issue number11
DOIs
StatePublished - Nov 1 2015

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

  • Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health
  • Clinical Neurology

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