TY - JOUR
T1 - The Penn State Child Cohort
T2 - Diagnostic Criteria and Possible Etiologic Factors of Sleep Apnea Based on Objective Clinical Outcomes
AU - Bixler, Edward O.
AU - Vgontzas, Alexandros N.
AU - Calhoun, Susan
N1 - Funding Information:
This article was supported by NIH grants: R01 HL63772, M01 RR010732, and C06 RR016499.
PY - 2009/3
Y1 - 2009/3
N2 - The mechanisms for sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) in children are complex and share many of the etiologic risk factors with adults. Professionals who evaluate and treat children with SDB should be cognizant of comorbid risk factors associated with this disorder. Cardiovascular risk is a primary risk factor for SDB in children as in adults. Waist circumference and BMI are the consistent independent risk factors across several thresholds of severity of SDB. This finding suggests that, in children as in adults, metabolic and inflammatory factors may be an important mechanism in the development of SDB, implying that adenotonsillectomy may not always be the best first line treatment. Nasal abnormalities (eg, chronic sinusitis/rhinitis) were significant risk factors in children with milder SDB, suggesting that the evaluation and treatment of these abnormalities might be beneficial for this category of patients. Future research is indicated to confirm these findings, especially in children with moderate to severe SDB.
AB - The mechanisms for sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) in children are complex and share many of the etiologic risk factors with adults. Professionals who evaluate and treat children with SDB should be cognizant of comorbid risk factors associated with this disorder. Cardiovascular risk is a primary risk factor for SDB in children as in adults. Waist circumference and BMI are the consistent independent risk factors across several thresholds of severity of SDB. This finding suggests that, in children as in adults, metabolic and inflammatory factors may be an important mechanism in the development of SDB, implying that adenotonsillectomy may not always be the best first line treatment. Nasal abnormalities (eg, chronic sinusitis/rhinitis) were significant risk factors in children with milder SDB, suggesting that the evaluation and treatment of these abnormalities might be beneficial for this category of patients. Future research is indicated to confirm these findings, especially in children with moderate to severe SDB.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jsmc.2009.01.002
DO - 10.1016/j.jsmc.2009.01.002
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:65249115216
SN - 1556-407X
VL - 4
SP - 1
EP - 8
JO - Sleep Medicine Clinics
JF - Sleep Medicine Clinics
IS - 1
ER -
