The role of 4D modeling in trade sequencing and production planning

A new class of planning tools has been developed through advancements in CAD and Scheduling software integration. 4D modeling provides a mechanism to visualize elements of 3D CAD models based on associated schedule intervals. This technology allows project managers to evaluate construction plans for time and space conflicts between operations and building elements. The use of 4D modeling for planning project logistics and evaluating project schedules is evolving rapidly. Recent research explores the 4D modeling of work spaces and material movement. Planning such spaces can be highly challenging when multiple sequence options and complex networks of prerequisite work exist. This paper discusses the use of 4D modeling for detailed trade sequencing and production planning for construction. Case studies of the sequence planning process are used to demonstrate how visualization and "what-if" tools could be used to improve the planning process. The goal of this research is to identify appropriate applications for 4D modeling in the sequence planning process, and to make recommendations for the development of future 4D planning tools.