TY - JOUR
T1 - The suppression of endogenous adrenalin in the prolongation of ketamine anesthesia
AU - Aksoy, Mehmet
AU - Ince, Ilker
AU - Ahiskalioglu, Ali
AU - Dostbil, Aysenur
AU - Celik, Mine
AU - Turan, Mehmet Ibrahim
AU - Cetin, Nihal
AU - Suleyman, Bahadir
AU - Alp, Hamit Hakan
AU - Suleyman, Halis
PY - 2014/7
Y1 - 2014/7
N2 - This study investigated whether or not the anesthetic effect of ketamine in rats is dependent on adrenal gland hormones. The study was performed on two main rat groups, intact and adrenalectomized. Rat were divided into subgroups and given appropriate doses of ketamine, metyrapone or metyrosine. Durations of anesthesia in the groups were then recorded. Endogenous catecholamine levels were measured in samples taken from peripheral blood. This experimental results showed that ketamine did not induce anesthesia in intact rats at doses of 15 or 30. mg/kg, and that at 60. mg/kg anesthesia was established for only 11. min. However, ketamine induced significant anesthesia even at a dose of 30. mg/kg in animals in which production of endogenous catecholamine (adrenalin, noradrenalin dopamine) was inhibited with metyrosine at a level of 45-47%. Ketamine at 60. mg/kg in animals in which endogenous catecholamine was inhibited at a level of 45-47% established anesthesia for 47.6. min. However, ketamine at 30 and 60. mg/kg induced longer anesthesia in adrenalectomized rats with higher noradrenalin and dopamine levels but suppressed adrenalin production. Adrenalin plays an important role in the control of duration of ketamine anesthesia, while noradrenalin, dopamine and corticosterone have no such function. If endogenous adrenalin is suppressed, ketamine can even provide sufficient anesthesia at a 2-fold lower dose. This makes it possible for ketamine to be used in lengthy surgical procedures.
AB - This study investigated whether or not the anesthetic effect of ketamine in rats is dependent on adrenal gland hormones. The study was performed on two main rat groups, intact and adrenalectomized. Rat were divided into subgroups and given appropriate doses of ketamine, metyrapone or metyrosine. Durations of anesthesia in the groups were then recorded. Endogenous catecholamine levels were measured in samples taken from peripheral blood. This experimental results showed that ketamine did not induce anesthesia in intact rats at doses of 15 or 30. mg/kg, and that at 60. mg/kg anesthesia was established for only 11. min. However, ketamine induced significant anesthesia even at a dose of 30. mg/kg in animals in which production of endogenous catecholamine (adrenalin, noradrenalin dopamine) was inhibited with metyrosine at a level of 45-47%. Ketamine at 60. mg/kg in animals in which endogenous catecholamine was inhibited at a level of 45-47% established anesthesia for 47.6. min. However, ketamine at 30 and 60. mg/kg induced longer anesthesia in adrenalectomized rats with higher noradrenalin and dopamine levels but suppressed adrenalin production. Adrenalin plays an important role in the control of duration of ketamine anesthesia, while noradrenalin, dopamine and corticosterone have no such function. If endogenous adrenalin is suppressed, ketamine can even provide sufficient anesthesia at a 2-fold lower dose. This makes it possible for ketamine to be used in lengthy surgical procedures.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.mehy.2014.03.033
DO - 10.1016/j.mehy.2014.03.033
M3 - Article
C2 - 24767810
AN - SCOPUS:84901016403
SN - 0306-9877
VL - 83
SP - 103
EP - 107
JO - Medical Hypotheses
JF - Medical Hypotheses
IS - 1
ER -