Topological phases in graphitic cones

The electronic structure of graphitic cones exhibits distinctive topological features associated with the apical disclinations. Ahranov-Bohm magnetoconductance oscillations (period φ0) are completely absent in rings fabricated from cones with a single pentagonal disclination. Close to the apex, the local density of states changes qualitatively, either developing a cusp which drops to zero at the Fermi energy, or forming a region of nonzero density across EF, a local metallization of graphite.