Abstract
Extends the transactional-transformational model of leadership by deductively developing four theoretical behavioral types of leadership based on a historical analysis of leadership literature. Then, in an exploratory empirical phase, uses two data sets to inductively develop alternative models of leadership types. Finally, with a third data set, tests several theoretically plausible typologies using second-order confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The results of the CFA generally support the existence of four leadership types: directive leadership, transactional leadership, transformational leadership, and empowering leadership.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 273-307 |
Number of pages | 35 |
Journal | Journal of Management Development |
Volume | 22 |
Issue number | 4 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - 2003 |
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- Business, Management and Accounting (miscellaneous)
- Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management