TY - JOUR
T1 - Transcritical carbon dioxide microchannel heat pump water heaters
T2 - Part I-validated component simulation modules
AU - Goodman, Christopher
AU - Fronk, Brian M.
AU - Garimella, Srinivas
N1 - Funding Information:
Financial support from the US Army Ft. BelVoir office through a subcontract from Modine Manufacturing Company is gratefully acknowledged. The authors also thank Modine Manufacturing Company for supplying several of the test heat exchangers and associated components. Assistance from, and insightful discussions with Mr. John Manzione, Dr. Stephen B. Memory, Mr. David Garski, Mr. Sam Collier, and Mr. Mark Hoehne for conducting this research are also acknowledged.
PY - 2011/6
Y1 - 2011/6
N2 - An experimental and analytical study on the performance of carbon dioxide heat pumps for water heating was conducted. The performance of compact, microchannel, water-coupled gas coolers, evaporator, and suction line heat exchanger (SLHX) were evaluated in an experimental facility. Analytical heat exchanger models accounting for the flow orientation and changing CO2 thermophysical properties were developed and validated with data. Heat transfer coefficients were predicted with correlations available in the literature and local heat duty calculated using the effectiveness-NTU approach. The gas cooler, evaporator, and SLHX models predicted measured heat duties with an absolute average error of 5.5%, 1.3%, and 3.9%, respectively. Compressor isentropic and volumetric efficiency values were found to range from 56% to 67% and 62%-82%, respectively. Empirical models for compressor efficiency and power were developed from the data. The resulting component models are implemented in a system model in a companion paper (Part II).
AB - An experimental and analytical study on the performance of carbon dioxide heat pumps for water heating was conducted. The performance of compact, microchannel, water-coupled gas coolers, evaporator, and suction line heat exchanger (SLHX) were evaluated in an experimental facility. Analytical heat exchanger models accounting for the flow orientation and changing CO2 thermophysical properties were developed and validated with data. Heat transfer coefficients were predicted with correlations available in the literature and local heat duty calculated using the effectiveness-NTU approach. The gas cooler, evaporator, and SLHX models predicted measured heat duties with an absolute average error of 5.5%, 1.3%, and 3.9%, respectively. Compressor isentropic and volumetric efficiency values were found to range from 56% to 67% and 62%-82%, respectively. Empirical models for compressor efficiency and power were developed from the data. The resulting component models are implemented in a system model in a companion paper (Part II).
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U2 - 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2010.12.002
DO - 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2010.12.002
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:79955922451
SN - 0140-7007
VL - 34
SP - 859
EP - 869
JO - International Journal of Refrigeration
JF - International Journal of Refrigeration
IS - 4
ER -