Trending approaches in electrospinning and electrospraying for biomedical applications

Nanotechnology has made high impact in the field of translational research especially for the biomedical applications including drug delivery, tissue engineering, along with nanopharmaceutical product development. Among the nanostructure fabrication methodologies, electrohydrodynamics offers great versatility for the fabrication of nanofibers (NFs) or nanoparticles via electrospinning or electrospraying techniques. Nano-/microparticles and NFs have been widely employed as carriers of choice for delivery of synthetic or bioactive payloads including synthetic drugs, live cells, growth factors, etc. The designed NF/nano-/microparticles could be personalized or tailored for targeted release of their contents due to the flexibility of the methods which led to manifold applications including the tissue engineering scaffolds to medical devices for drug delivery or for theranostic applications. Interestingly, the combination approaches of electrospinning and spraying together have been done recently which hold great promise for biomedical applications. This chapter details about the recent advances in the combination approaches for numerous applications including drug delivery, diagnostics, and antimicrobial applications.