Tunable microphotonic devices in ferroelectrics

This paper gives an introduction to the technology of microphotonic devices in ferroelectrics and will describe both the theory of operation and design considerations. The fabrication process for several microphotonic devices created in a single ferroelectric chip of LiNbO ₃ and LiTaO ₃ will be introduced. The performance of these devices will then be described, such as dynamic focusing lens stack of microlenses whose focal power can be tuned by electric field and an optical scanner that can steer laser light with application of an electric field. A first-of-its kind, integrated scanner and lens device will also be described. Emerging technologies based on microphotonic devices in ferroelectrics will also be explored.