Ultra-high energy cosmic rays and neutrinos from gamma-ray bursts, hypernovae and galactic shocks

I review gamma-ray burst models (GRBs) and observations, and discuss the possible production of ultrahigh energy cosmic rays and neutrinos in both the standard internal shock models and the newer generation of photospheric and hadronic GRB models, in the light of current constraints imposed by IceCube, Auger and TA observations. I then discuss models that have been proposed to explain the recent astrophysical PeV neutrino observations, including star-forming and star-burst galaxies, hypernovae and galaxy accretion and merger shocks.