TY - GEN
T1 - Ultrasonic sensor for high temperature gas filled vessels
AU - Sandman, J. S.
AU - Tittmann, B. R.
PY - 2006
Y1 - 2006
N2 - The focus of this paper is an Ultrasonic Position Indication System (UPIS) that is capable of determining one-dimensional target location in a high temperature steel-container with gaseous medium. The combination of the very high acoustical impedance of steel (45.4MRayl) and the very low impedance of air (0.0004MRayl) causes extremely high-energy losses upon transmission. In addition to the energy loss, propagation through a steel plate produces many internal reflections in the plate. The strategy of this investigation was to develop a self-contained ultrasonic transducer that is capable of replacing a small portion of a high temperature-pressure boundary. In building such a transducer, sufficient acoustic matching layers for the steel-gas interface, a mechanically and acoustically competent housing, a sufficient piezoelectric element, and backing materials are all developed and tested. The results include a successful housing design, high-temperature acoustic matching layers, and subsequent successful waveforms. Target location through 9.6"(24.5cm) of ambient air was successful, with a steel pressure boundary 0.4566" (1.1598cm) thick, and using one matching layer. In addition to the experimental results, this investigation includes numerical simulations. Sample waveforms were predicted one-dimensionally with the Mason model using MatLab, and two-dimensionally with a Coupled Acoustic Piezoelectric Finite Element Method (CAPA) program. The Mason model program predicts waveform changes as the wave travels through various interfaces. CAPA is a finite element program that predicts waveforms based on the equations for ultrasonic wave propagation.
AB - The focus of this paper is an Ultrasonic Position Indication System (UPIS) that is capable of determining one-dimensional target location in a high temperature steel-container with gaseous medium. The combination of the very high acoustical impedance of steel (45.4MRayl) and the very low impedance of air (0.0004MRayl) causes extremely high-energy losses upon transmission. In addition to the energy loss, propagation through a steel plate produces many internal reflections in the plate. The strategy of this investigation was to develop a self-contained ultrasonic transducer that is capable of replacing a small portion of a high temperature-pressure boundary. In building such a transducer, sufficient acoustic matching layers for the steel-gas interface, a mechanically and acoustically competent housing, a sufficient piezoelectric element, and backing materials are all developed and tested. The results include a successful housing design, high-temperature acoustic matching layers, and subsequent successful waveforms. Target location through 9.6"(24.5cm) of ambient air was successful, with a steel pressure boundary 0.4566" (1.1598cm) thick, and using one matching layer. In addition to the experimental results, this investigation includes numerical simulations. Sample waveforms were predicted one-dimensionally with the Mason model using MatLab, and two-dimensionally with a Coupled Acoustic Piezoelectric Finite Element Method (CAPA) program. The Mason model program predicts waveform changes as the wave travels through various interfaces. CAPA is a finite element program that predicts waveforms based on the equations for ultrasonic wave propagation.
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U2 - 10.1115/PVP2006-ICPVT-11-93009
DO - 10.1115/PVP2006-ICPVT-11-93009
M3 - Conference contribution
AN - SCOPUS:33751332548
SN - 0791837823
SN - 9780791837825
T3 - American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Pressure Vessels and Piping Division (Publication) PVP
BT - Proceedings of 2006 ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Division Conference - ASME PVP2006/ICPVT-11 Conference - Pressure Vessel Technologies for the Global Community
T2 - ASME PVP2006/ICPVT-11 Conference
Y2 - 23 July 2006 through 27 July 2006
ER -