TY - JOUR
T1 - Ultrastable environment control for the NEID spectrometer
T2 - Design and performance demonstration
AU - Robertson, Paul
AU - Anderson, Tyler
AU - Stefansson, Gudmundur
AU - Hearty, Frederick R.
AU - Monson, Andrew
AU - Mahadevan, Suvrath
AU - Blakeslee, Scott
AU - Bender, Chad
AU - Ninan, Joe P.
AU - Conran, David
AU - Levi, Eric
AU - Lubar, Emily
AU - Cole, Amanda
AU - Dykhouse, Adam
AU - Kanodia, Shubham
AU - Nitroy, Colin
AU - Smolsky, Joseph
AU - Tuggle, Demetrius
AU - Blank, Basil
AU - Nelson, Matthew
AU - Blake, Cullen
AU - Halverson, Samuel
AU - Henderson, Chuck
AU - Kaplan, Kyle F.
AU - Li, Dan
AU - Logsdon, Sarah E.
AU - McElwain, Michael W.
AU - Rajagopal, Jayadev
AU - Ramsey, Lawrence W.
AU - Roy, Arpita
AU - Schwab, Christian
AU - Terrien, Ryan
AU - Wright, Jason T.
N1 - Funding Information:
NEID was funded by JPL under contract 1547612. This work was partially supported by funding from the Center for Exo-planets and Habitable Worlds. The Center for Exoplanets and Habitable Worlds is supported by the Pennsylvania State University, the Eberly College of Science, and the Pennsylvania Space Grant Consortium. PR and SH contributed to this work in part under contract with the California Institute of Technology (Caltech)/Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) funded by NASA through the Sagan Fellowship Program executed by the NASA Exoplanet Science Institute. GKS wishes to acknowledge support from NASA Headquarters under the NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship Program Grant No. NNX16AO28H. SEL is supported by an appointment to the NASA Postdoctoral Program at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, administered by USRA through a contract with NASA. We acknowledge support from NSF Grant Nos. AST-1006676, AST-1126413, and AST-1310885, the NASA Astrobiology Institute (NAI; NNA09DA76A), and the Penn State Astrobiology Research Center.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE).
PY - 2019/1/1
Y1 - 2019/1/1
N2 - Two key areas of emphasis in contemporary experimental exoplanet science are the detailed characterization of transiting terrestrial planets and the search for Earth analog planets to be targeted by future imaging missions. Both of these pursuits are dependent on an order-of-magnitude improvement in the measurement of stellar radial velocities (RV), setting a requirement on single-measurement instrumental uncertainty of order 10 cm / s. Achieving such extraordinary precision on a high-resolution spectrometer requires thermomechanically stabilizing the instrument to unprecedented levels. We describe the environment control system (ECS) of the NEID spectrometer, which will be commissioned on the 3.5-m WIYN Telescope at Kitt Peak National Observatory in 2019, and has a performance specification of on-sky RV precision <50 cm / s. Because NEID's optical table and mounts are made from aluminum, which has a high coefficient of thermal expansion, sub-milliKelvin temperature control is especially critical. NEID inherits its ECS from that of the Habitable-Zone Planet Finder (HPF), but with modifications for improved performance and operation near room temperature. Our full-system stability test shows the NEID system exceeds the already impressive performance of HPF, maintaining vacuum pressures below 10-6 Torr and a root mean square (RMS) temperature stability better than 0.4 mK over 30 days. Our ECS design is fully open-source; the design of our temperature-controlled vacuum chamber has already been made public, and here we release the electrical schematics for our custom temperature monitoring and control system.
AB - Two key areas of emphasis in contemporary experimental exoplanet science are the detailed characterization of transiting terrestrial planets and the search for Earth analog planets to be targeted by future imaging missions. Both of these pursuits are dependent on an order-of-magnitude improvement in the measurement of stellar radial velocities (RV), setting a requirement on single-measurement instrumental uncertainty of order 10 cm / s. Achieving such extraordinary precision on a high-resolution spectrometer requires thermomechanically stabilizing the instrument to unprecedented levels. We describe the environment control system (ECS) of the NEID spectrometer, which will be commissioned on the 3.5-m WIYN Telescope at Kitt Peak National Observatory in 2019, and has a performance specification of on-sky RV precision <50 cm / s. Because NEID's optical table and mounts are made from aluminum, which has a high coefficient of thermal expansion, sub-milliKelvin temperature control is especially critical. NEID inherits its ECS from that of the Habitable-Zone Planet Finder (HPF), but with modifications for improved performance and operation near room temperature. Our full-system stability test shows the NEID system exceeds the already impressive performance of HPF, maintaining vacuum pressures below 10-6 Torr and a root mean square (RMS) temperature stability better than 0.4 mK over 30 days. Our ECS design is fully open-source; the design of our temperature-controlled vacuum chamber has already been made public, and here we release the electrical schematics for our custom temperature monitoring and control system.
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U2 - 10.1117/1.JATIS.5.1.015003
DO - 10.1117/1.JATIS.5.1.015003
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85064246050
SN - 2329-4124
VL - 5
JO - Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems
JF - Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems
IS - 1
M1 - 015003
ER -