Unreinforced slurry walls as temporary support of excavation for circular shafts

Slurry walls, also known as diaphragm walls, are commonly used as temporary and/or permanent support of excavation for construction of shafts in soft ground. Through case history, this paper demonstrates economical benefits of disregarding long-term structural contribution of the slurry walls particularly in severe environmental conditions. In addition, for temporary slurry wall shaft systems, possibility of using steel fiber, synthetic fiber or additives in lieu of temperature/shrinkage reinforcement is discussed with detailed analysis. Finally, the paper will be concluded by introducing unreinforced slurry wall shaft system using newly developed/patented concrete additive.