TY - JOUR
T1 - Upper tract urothelial carcinoma
T2 - epidemiology, presentation, and high-risk endemic populations
AU - Clark, Cassra B.
AU - Matheny, Meghan
AU - Raman, Jay D.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2024 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
PY - 2024
Y1 - 2024
N2 - Purpose of the review Upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) only accounts for 5-10% of all urothelial cancers but these patients present with high stage disease and 2 out of 3 patients have evidence of muscle-invasion at time of diagnosis. Furthermore, 10% of UTUC patients have associated Lynch syndrome and therefore diagnosis of UTUC should prompt timely evaluation and familial counseling. The purpose of this review is to outline the current evidence on the epidemiology, presentation, and high-risk endemic populations of UTUC through review of contemporary publications occurring over the preceding 18months. Recent findings Both the American Urological Association (AUA) and European Association of Urology (EAU) have published updated guidelines within the last 18months for the management of UTUC. Of note, the updated guidelines give special consideration to identifying patients with risk factors for Lynch syndrome and recommend universal histologic testing for those with high probability of having Lynch syndrome cancers as well as referral for genetic counseling and germline testing. Summary UTUC is an overall rare malignancy but tends to present with advanced stage and muscle-invasion. A proper understanding of the epidemiology, presentation, and high-risk endemic populations is necessary to develop preventive and interventional strategies.
AB - Purpose of the review Upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) only accounts for 5-10% of all urothelial cancers but these patients present with high stage disease and 2 out of 3 patients have evidence of muscle-invasion at time of diagnosis. Furthermore, 10% of UTUC patients have associated Lynch syndrome and therefore diagnosis of UTUC should prompt timely evaluation and familial counseling. The purpose of this review is to outline the current evidence on the epidemiology, presentation, and high-risk endemic populations of UTUC through review of contemporary publications occurring over the preceding 18months. Recent findings Both the American Urological Association (AUA) and European Association of Urology (EAU) have published updated guidelines within the last 18months for the management of UTUC. Of note, the updated guidelines give special consideration to identifying patients with risk factors for Lynch syndrome and recommend universal histologic testing for those with high probability of having Lynch syndrome cancers as well as referral for genetic counseling and germline testing. Summary UTUC is an overall rare malignancy but tends to present with advanced stage and muscle-invasion. A proper understanding of the epidemiology, presentation, and high-risk endemic populations is necessary to develop preventive and interventional strategies.
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U2 - 10.1097/MOU.0000000000001242
DO - 10.1097/MOU.0000000000001242
M3 - Review article
C2 - 39465504
AN - SCOPUS:85208399678
SN - 0963-0643
JO - Current Opinion in Urology
JF - Current Opinion in Urology
ER -