TY - JOUR
T1 - Walnuts change lipoprotein composition suppressing TNFα-stimulated cytokine production by diabetic adipocyte
AU - Borkowski, Kamil
AU - Yim, Sun J.
AU - Holt, Roberta R.
AU - Hackman, Robert M.
AU - Keen, Carl L.
AU - Newman, John W.
AU - Shearer, Gregory C.
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors would like to thank Vijaya Nareddy, Theresa L. Pedersen and Ira J. Gray for technical support. This study was supported by the California Walnut Commission. Additional support was provided by the United States Department of Agriculture [2032–51,530-022-00D] and the National Institutes of Health [U24 DK097154–01]. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH or the USDA. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer.
Funding Information:
The authors would like to thank Vijaya Nareddy, Theresa L. Pedersen and Ira J. Gray for technical support. This study was supported by the California Walnut Commission. Additional support was provided by the United States Department of Agriculture [ 2032–51,530-022-00D ] and the National Institutes of Health [ U24 DK097154–01 ]. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH or the USDA . The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 Elsevier Inc.
PY - 2019/6
Y1 - 2019/6
N2 - Walnut consumption can provide both vascular and metabolic health benefits, and walnut-induced changes in lipoprotein particle chemical payloads may be responsible for these health benefits. To explore this possibility with a focus on metabolic health, this study investigated the impact of walnut consumption on lipoprotein lipid composition and changes in LDL anti-inflammatory properties, as reported by inflamed adipocyte. Hypercholesterolemic, postmenopausal females were treated with 40 g/day (i.e., 1.6 servings/day; n=15) of walnuts for 4 weeks. Fatty acids and their oxygenated metabolites, i.e., oxylipins, were quantified in isolated lipoproteins. Human primary adipocytes were exposed to LDL and TNFα-stimulated adipokine production was measured. Walnut treatment elevated α-linolenic acid and its epoxides in all lipoproteins and depleted mid-chain alcohols in VLDL and LDL, but not HDL. Walnuts also reduced TNFα-induced diabetic adipocyte production of IL-6 (−48%, P=.0006) and IL-8 (−30%, P=.01), changes inversely correlated with levels of α-linolenic acid-derived epoxides but not α-linolenic acid itself. In conclusion, modest walnut consumption can alter lipoprotein lipid profiles and enhance their ability to inhibit TNFα-dependent pro-inflammatory responses in human diabetic primary adipocytes. Moreover, this study suggests the oxylipins, rather than the parent fatty acids, mediate LDL action of adipocytes.
AB - Walnut consumption can provide both vascular and metabolic health benefits, and walnut-induced changes in lipoprotein particle chemical payloads may be responsible for these health benefits. To explore this possibility with a focus on metabolic health, this study investigated the impact of walnut consumption on lipoprotein lipid composition and changes in LDL anti-inflammatory properties, as reported by inflamed adipocyte. Hypercholesterolemic, postmenopausal females were treated with 40 g/day (i.e., 1.6 servings/day; n=15) of walnuts for 4 weeks. Fatty acids and their oxygenated metabolites, i.e., oxylipins, were quantified in isolated lipoproteins. Human primary adipocytes were exposed to LDL and TNFα-stimulated adipokine production was measured. Walnut treatment elevated α-linolenic acid and its epoxides in all lipoproteins and depleted mid-chain alcohols in VLDL and LDL, but not HDL. Walnuts also reduced TNFα-induced diabetic adipocyte production of IL-6 (−48%, P=.0006) and IL-8 (−30%, P=.01), changes inversely correlated with levels of α-linolenic acid-derived epoxides but not α-linolenic acid itself. In conclusion, modest walnut consumption can alter lipoprotein lipid profiles and enhance their ability to inhibit TNFα-dependent pro-inflammatory responses in human diabetic primary adipocytes. Moreover, this study suggests the oxylipins, rather than the parent fatty acids, mediate LDL action of adipocytes.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.03.004
DO - 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.03.004
M3 - Article
C2 - 31030167
AN - SCOPUS:85064684910
SN - 0955-2863
VL - 68
SP - 51
EP - 58
JO - Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry
JF - Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry
ER -
