@article{441f9c6134954b769d1aded7b73b0948,
title = "Watching domains grow: In-situ studies of polarization switching by combined scanning probe and scanning transmission electron microscopy",
abstract = "Ferroelectric domain nucleation and growth in multiferroic BiFeO 3 films is observed directly by applying a local electric field with a conductive tip inside a scanning transmission electron microscope. The nucleation and growth of a ferroelastic domain and its interaction with pre-existing 71° domain walls are observed and compared with the results of phase-field modeling. In particular, a preferential nucleation site and direction-dependent pinning of domain walls are observed due to slow kinetics of metastable switching in the sample without a bottom electrode. These in situ spatially resolved observations of a first-order bias-induced phase transition reveal the mesoscopic mechanisms underpinning functionality of a wide range of multiferroic materials.",
author = "Hyejung Chang and Kalinin, {Sergei V.} and Seungyeul Yang and Pu Yu and Saswata Bhattacharya and Wu, {Ping P.} and Nina Balke and Stephen Jesse and Chen, {Long Q.} and Ramamoorthy Ramesh and Pennycook, {Stephen J.} and Borisevich, {Albina Y.}",
note = "Funding Information: This research was sponsored by the Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy, and by appointment (H.J.C.) to the ORNL Postdoctoral Research Program administered jointly by ORNL and ORISE. Instrument access via Oak Ridge National Laboratory{\textquoteright}s SHaRE User Facility, which is sponsored by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, the U.S. Department of Energy, is gratefully acknowledged. The work at Berkeley was also partially supported by the Semiconductor Research Corporation–Nanoelectronics Research Initiative–Western Institute of Nanoelectrics program. The work at Penn State was supported by DOE Basic Sciences under Grant No. DE-FG02-07ER46417.",
year = "2011",
month = sep,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1063/1.3623779",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "110",
journal = "Journal of Applied Physics",
issn = "0021-8979",
publisher = "American Institute of Physics",
number = "5",
}