Water management studies in PEM fuel cells, part IV: Effects of channel surface wettability, geometry and orientation on the two-phase flow in parallel gas channels

Zijie Lu, Cody Rath, Guangsheng Zhang, Satish G. Kandlikar

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

    125 Scopus citations

    Abstract

    In this study, the effects of channel surface wettability, cross-sectional geometry and orientation on the two-phase flow in parallel gas channels of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are investigated. Ex situ experiments were conducted in flow channels with three different surface wettability (hydrophilically coated, uncoated, and hydrophobically coated), three cross-sectional geometries (rectangular, sinusoidal and trapezoidal), and two orientations (vertical and horizontal). Flow pattern map, individual channel flow variation due to maldistribution, pressure drop and flow visualization images were used to analyze the two-phase flow characteristics. It is found that hydrophilically coated gas channels are advantageous over uncoated or slightly hydrophobic channels regarding uniform water and gas flow distribution and favoring film flow, the most desirable two-phase flow pattern in PEMFC gas channels. Sinusoidal channels favor film flow and have lower pressure drop than rectangular and trapezoidal channels, while the rectangular and trapezoidal channels behave similarly to each other. Vertical channel orientation is advantageous over horizontal orientation because the latter is more prone to slug flow, nonuniform liquid water distribution and instable operation.

    Original languageEnglish (US)
    Pages (from-to)9864-9875
    Number of pages12
    JournalInternational Journal of Hydrogen Energy
    Volume36
    Issue number16
    DOIs
    StatePublished - Aug 2011

    All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

    • Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
    • Fuel Technology
    • Condensed Matter Physics
    • Energy Engineering and Power Technology

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